background and aims: immunohistochemical tests are one of the most important tests, which are under study to determine the prognosis of the cancers such as transitional cell carcinoma. by the time, flexible cystoscopy and urine cytology are the routine tests for following up the patients with transitional cell carcinoma, which are both operator dependent. on the other hand, cystoscopy is an inv...

Antibodies are proteins with the ability to bind antigens rapidly and specifically. Antibodies consist of several different parts. The complementary determining regions (CDR) are the parts that recognize the antigen are the focus of this study. The aims of this study were to synthesize and produce a single-chain antibody (scFv) of the anti-cytokeratin 8 monoclonal IgG antibody TS1 and to functi...

Monoclonal antibodies were raised against homogeneous Ro and La antigens, two proteins associated with Ro and La ribonucleoproteins (RNPs). The specificity of the monoclonal antibodies was proven by immunoblot analysis and by immunoprecipitation. The anti-Ro antibody reacted with a Mr 95,000 protein in a mouse lymphoma cell extract and with a Mr 60,000 polypeptide in extracts from human spleen....

PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) immunoreactivity is high in malignancy. (Also ki67 antibodies) and thus provides a useful diagnostic tool. Ki67 has prognostic significance in Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma. Bcl 2 and apoptotic index are good prognostic markers. Bax is proapoptotic (in salivary neoplasms there is decreased Bcl 2 and increased Bax leading to increased apoptosis ) Cytokeratin ...

The ability to induce proliferation by temporary duct ligation suggested an hypothesis that retrovirus-mediated gene transfer into cells of the biliary tract could be accomplished. The time course of histologic changes, incorporation of 3H-thymidine and immunofluorescent staining with a monoclonal antibody to cytokeratin-19 (a marker for differentiated bile ducts) was studied in male Fischer F3...

Previous studies have shown that Xenopus oocytes possess a cortical shell, which includes actin-containing microfilaments and cytokeratin-containing intermediate filaments. In this paper we show that oocytes of Xenopus laevis also contain filaments throughout their cytoplasm which are stained by several anti-vimentin antibody preparations. We also show that dramatic changes in pattern of these ...

Kloepper JE, Tiede S, Brinckmann J et al. (2008) Immunophenotyping of the human bulge region: the quest to define useful in situ markers for human epithelial hair follicle stem cells and their niche. Exp Dermatol 17: 592–609 Lyle S, Christofidou-Solomidou M, Liu Y et al. (1998) The C8/144B monoclonal antibody recognizes cytokeratin 15 and defines the location of human hair follicle stem cells. ...

We produced a monoclonal antibody (MAb) (7G10) that has blocking activity against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). In this study, we identified the components of the 7G10 MAb-bound complex as cytoskeletal filaments: vimentin, cytokeratin 8, cytokeratin 18, actin, and hair type II basic keratin. Vimentin bound to PRRSV nucleocapsid protein and anti-vimentin antibodies...

In gynecologic oncology valid prognostic factors are necessary to estimate the course of disease and to define biologically similar subgroups for analysis of therapeutic efficacy. The presented study is a prospective study concerning prognostic significance of DNA ploidy and S-phase fraction in breast cancer following enrichment of tumor cells by cytokeratin labelling. Epithelial cells were lab...

PURPOSE Over the past 5 years, several clinical studies on a total of approximately 2500 patients have shown that the immunocytochemical detection of occult metastatic tumor cells in bone marrow (BM) at primary surgery provides important prognostic information in breast cancer (e.g., Ref 13 ). Here, we evaluated whether these cells can survive first-line chemotherapy and express epithelial cell...