Cyber attacks have been increasingly detrimental to networks, systems, and users, and are increasing in number and severity globally. To better predict system vulnerabilities, cybersecurity researchers are developing new and more holistic approaches to characterizing cybersecurity system risk. The process must include characterizing the human factors that contribute to cyber security vulnerabil...

This paper looks at a number of issues relating to the malicious insider and the nature of motivation, loyalty and the type of attacks that occur. The paper also examines the changing environmental, social, cultural and business issues that have resulted in an increased exposure to the insider threat. The paper then discusses a range of measures that can be taken to reduce both the likelihood o...

Cyber security breaches inflict costs to consumers and businesses. The possibility also exists that a cyber security breach may shut down an entire critical infrastructure industry, putting a nation’s whole economy and national defense at risk. Hence, the issue of cyber security investment has risen to the top of the agenda of business and government executives. This paper examines how the exis...

Cyber has changed the scope of the Navy’s mission and is placing new strains on our diplomatic, warfighting, legal, and economic/budgetary processes. Cybersecurity processes and techniques are increasingly critical to our warfighting missions, but they can also inhibit the pace and potential for high impact, game-changing innovation. Throughout its history, the Navy has shown the ability of inn...

We conduct a case study of the cyberinsurance industry. We examine the developing cyberliability legislation and the emerging cyberinsurance market. We conclude that cyberinsurers are able to find ways to deal with several problems that could result in the failure of market solution. Although some issues still need to be worked out, we suggest that the direction to be taken should be towards re...

This article proposes a model for stock prices which incorporates shot-noise effects. This means, that sudden jumps in the stock price are allowed, but their effect may decline as time passes by. Our model is general enough to capture arbitrary effects of this type. Generalizing previous approaches to shot-noise we in particular allow the decay to be stochastic. This model describes an incomple...

The instrumentation and control (I&C) systems in nuclear power plants (NPPs) collect signals from sensors measuring plant parameters, integrate and evaluate sensor information, monitor plant performance, and generate signals to control plant devices for a safe operation of NPPs. Although the application of digital technology in industrial control systems (ICS) started a few decades ago, I&C sys...

Article history: Received 13 July 2015 Received in revised form 27 January 2016 Accepted 29 January 2016 Available online xxxx The predominant metaphor for secure computing today is modeled on ever higher, ever better layers of walls. This article explains why that approach is as outmoded for cyber security today as it became for physical security centuries ago. Three forces are undermining the...

BACKGROUND Obese youth are at increased risk for peer victimization, which may heighten their risk of psychosocial problems and physical activity avoidance, and lower the effectiveness of professional and lifestyle weight-loss initiatives. Little is known about obese adolescents' risk for victimization from cyber-bullying and how this relates to psychosocial functioning and healthy lifestyle ba...

Kalman filtering has been widely considered for dynamic state estimation in smart grids. Despite its unique merits, the Kalman Filter (KF)-based dynamic state estimation can be undesirably influenced by cyber adversarial attacks that can potentially be launched against the communication links in the Cyber-Physical System (CPS). To enhance the security of KF-based state estimation, in this paper...