background and aim: disequilibrium is a common complaint in the elderly. the activities-specific balance confidence (abc) scale is a suitable tool for assessing the level of confidence in balance whilst performing daily activities. the purpose of the study was translation, cultural adaptation and evaluation of the reliability and validity of the activities-specific balance confidence scale for ...

In recent times, literary translation seems to have gained considerable interest among scholars and translators. Furthermore, translating culture-specific items (CSIs) in texts appear be one of the most challenging tasks a translator must overcome. present article, attempts were made describe least frequent procedures adopted by translators overcome cultural barriers text. The current study use...

this study investigated iranian english language learners’ use of circumlocution for culture-specific referents. a discourse completion test (dct) was designed in english and persian, consisting of items dealing with iranian culture-specific notions and distributed among 3 groups. the persian language group received the persian version, whereas the english language learners, divided into high a...

BACKGROUND Although many organizational culture questionnaires have been developed, there is a lack of any validated multidimensional questionnaire assessing organizational culture at hospital ward level and adapted to health care context. Facing the lack of an appropriate tool, a multidisciplinary team designed and validated a dimensional organizational culture questionnaire for healthcare set...