Copper-containing mesoporous carbon (Cu-MC) was prepared by a single-step surfactant-templating method. For comparison, copper-impregnated mesoporous carbon (Cu/MC) was also prepared by a surfactant-templating method and a subsequent impregnation method. Rhenium catalysts supported on copper-containing mesoporous carbon and copper-impregnated mesoporous carbon (Re/Cu-MC and Re/Cu/MC, respective...

The effects of particle composition on heterogeneous catalysis were studied using dendrimer-encapsulated nanoparticles (DENs) as precursors to supported Pt-Cu catalysts. Bimetallic Pt-Cu DENs with varying Pt/Cu ratios were prepared in an anaerobic aqueous solution and deposited onto a high-purity commercial alumina support. The dendrimer template was then thermally removed to yield supported na...

Monodisperse bimetallic Pd-Cu nanoparticles with controllable size and composition were synthesized by a one-step multiphase ethylene glycol (EG) method. Adjusting the stoichiometric ratio of the Pd and Cu precursors afforded nanoparticles with different compositions, such as Pd(85)-Cu(15), Pd(56)-Cu(44), and Pd(39)-Cu(61). The nanoparticles were separated from the solution mixture by extractio...

Oxides play a central role in important industrial processes, including applications such as the production of renewable energy, remediation of environmental pollutants, and the synthesis of fine chemicals. They were originally used as catalyst supports and were thought to be chemically inert, but now they are used to build catalysts tailored toward improved selectivity and activity in chemical...

Most kinetic studies of methanol synthesis over Cu/ZnO catalysts have been carried out using mixtures of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. But in some cases (1) the synthesis gas has also contained carbon dioxide (2). Power rate laws as well as complicated rate expressions have been proposed over the years. The detailed kinetics of the surface processes is virtually unknown. With the exception, per...

Continuous fixed-bed catalytic hydrogenation of ethylene carbonate (EC) to methanol and ethylene glycol (EG), an emerging synthetic process of methanol via indirect conversion of CO2, was successfully performed over Cu/HMS catalysts prepared by the ammonia evaporation (AE) method. The catalysts possessed superb performance with a conversion of 100% and a selectivity to methanol of 74%.

Zn, K, and Cu effects on the structure and surface area and on the reduction, carburization, and catalytic behavior of Fe–Zn and Fe oxides used as precursors to Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) catalysts, were examined using X-ray diffraction, kinetic studies of their reactions with H2 or CO, and FTS reaction rate measurements. Fe2O3 precursors initially reduce to Fe3O4 and then to metallic Fe (...

The effect of Cu on the reduction behavior and surface properties of supported and unsupported Fe-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) catalysts was investigated using in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) in combination with ex situ bulk characterization. During exposure to 0.4 mbar CO-H(2) above 180 degrees C, the reduction of CuO to C...

A careful comparison was performed between Cu and Fe as catalysts for the growth of horizontally aligned ultralong single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) arrays on SiOx/Si substrates, and the mechanism of the difference was discussed. Cleaner and straighter SWNTs with smaller diameters and narrower size distribution were obtained using Cu as catalyst. It was also found that the SWNTs always grew ...

Octanoic acid (OA) was used as reactant with medium chain length to model the aliphatic carboxylic acids which can be produced by catalytic, thermochemical or biological degradation of biomass. A flow through reactor was applied at 21 bar total pressure (in general at 20 bar hydrogen and 1 bar octanoic acid partial pressures) and 330-380 °C. Cu A-, Xand Y-zeolite based catalysts were pretreated...