A Monte Carlo based computer model has been developed for electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) to calculate organ and effective doses in a humanoid hermaphrodite phantom. The program has been validated by comparison with experimental measurements of the CT dose index in standard head and body CT dose phantoms; agreement to better than 8% has been found. The robustness of the model has been ...

OBJECTIVE To compare prospective ECG-gated multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) and trans-thoracic echocardiography (TTE) in the diagnosis of complex congenital heart disease (CHD). METHODS This was a prospective study of consecutive patients with complex CHD (age <7 years) treated at a tertiary hospital between May 2013 and May 2015. All patients were imaged with TTE and prospective ECG-ga...

This study assessed and compared various image quality indices in order to manage the dose of pediatric abdominal MDCT protocols and to provide guidance on dose reduction. PMMA phantoms representing average body diameters at birth, 1 year, 5 years, 10 years and 15 years of age were scanned in a four-channel MDCT with a standard pediatric abdominal CT protocol. Image noise (SD, standard deviatio...

The American College of Radiology opened the computed tomography (CT) dose index registry (DIR) for general participation by all facilities in 2011. For each CT examination, data on volume CT dose index (CTDIvol), dose-length product (DLP), and, for body examinations, size-specific dose estimate (SSDE) were collected. However, effective dose is not estimated in DIR. The primary objective of thi...

The goal of the present work was to report and investigate the performances of a new iterative reconstruction algorithm, using a model observer. For that, a dedicated low-contrast phantom containing different targets was scanned at four volume computed tomography dose index (CTDIvol) levels on a Siemens SOMATOM Force computed tomography (CT). The acquired images were reconstructed using the ADM...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the amount of radiation doses absorbed by soft tissues (entrance skin dose) with a low-dose spiral computed tomography (CT) protocol compared to conventional X-ray techniques commonly used in orthodontics. METHODS The amount of skin dose has been evaluated using a tissue-equivalent head-neck radiotherapy humanoid phantom with thermoluminescent ...

Background: To suggest South India CT diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) by collecting radiation doses for the most commonly performed CT examinations. Materials and Methods: A pilot study investigated the most frequent CT examinations. 110 CT sites were asked to complete a survey booklet to allow the recording of CT parameters for each of 3 CT examinations during a 1 year time period. Dose...

Many different techniques and researches on reducing the radiation dose for computed tomography (CT) examinations have been reported and developed in recent 30 years. However, most those technologies are not practical enough to enable them to be directly and easily implemented in clinic real applications because there is no directly relationship between those techniques and the actual CT scanni...

Introduction: The rapid use of computed tomography (CT) scan is of great concern, due to increase in patients’ dose. Optimization of CT protocol is a vital issue in dose reduction. This study aimed to optimize radiation dose in cranial CT and assess modifications in image quality under radiation dose reduction. Material and Methods: A poly(me...