Genital mycoplasmas, including Ureaplasma spp., are among the smallest human pathogenic bacteria and are associated with preterm birth. Electron microscopic observation of U. parvum showed that these prokaryotes have a regular, spherical shape with a mean diameter of 146 nm. U. parvum was internalized into HeLa cells by clathrin-mediated endocytosis and survived for at least 14 days around the ...

The apical organelles in apicomplexan parasites are characteristic secretory vesicles containing complex mixtures of molecules. While apical organelle discharge has been demonstrated to be involved in the cellular invasion of some apicomplexan parasites, including Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium spp., the mechanisms of apical organelle discharge by Cryptosporidium parvum sporozoites and its ro...

The purpose of the study was to determine if immunization with a recombinant protein (rC7) of Cryptosporidium parvum would induce immune bovine colostrum that protected calves against cryptosporidiosis following oral challenge with C. parvum oocysts. Late gestation Holstein cows with low titers of antibody to the p23 antigen of C. parvum were immunized three times with 300 microg affinity purif...

The present study aims to explore the possible mechanisms underlying the multidrug resistance characteristic of Cryptosporidium parvum by detecting the presence of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) protein encoding genes, especially one that shows high similarity to members belonging to the multidrug resistance protein (MDR) and multidrug resistance associated protein (MRP) subfamilies. PCR using ABC-...

Cryptosporidium parvum is a zoonotic protozoan parasite with a wide range of vertebrate hosts. The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum in urban and rural dogs of the Ahvaz area. Faecal samples were collected randomly from 93 dogs between May 2005 and September 2007. The studied dogs were divided into two groups (urban and rural) and based on age int...

This article describes the role of bovine coronavirus, rotavirus and Cryptosporidium parvum in an outbreak of beef calf diarrhea in Presidente Epitácio, São Paulo State. Two out 9 fecal samples were positive to BCoV, 6 to C. parvum and 6 to rotavirus, with 4 rotavirus-C. parvum co-infections, 1 BCoV-C. parvum co-infection and 1 rotavirus-BCoV co-infection. These results show the need for a deta...

Oocysts of Cryptosporidium parvum, a zoonotic waterborne pathogen, can be removed by bivalve molluscs from contaminated water and retained on gills and in hemolymph. We identified oocysts of C. parvum in oysters from seven sites in the Chesapeake Bay area. These findings document the presence of C. parvum infectious for humans in oysters intended for human consumption.

The apicomplexan parasite Cryptosporidium causes diarrheal disease worldwide. Proteolytic processing of proteins plays a significant role in host cell invasion by apicomplexan parasites. In previous studies, we described gp40/15, a Cryptosporidium sp. glycoprotein that is proteolytically cleaved to yield two surface glycopeptides (gp40 and gp15), which are implicated in mediating infection of h...

The effect of Corynebacterium parvum on the immune response of C57BL/6 mice (H-2b) to the allogeneic leukemia L1210 (H-2d) was investigated. Mice were either left untreated or given C. parvum i.v. or i.p. in various dosages. Seven days later they were challenged with 2.5 to 10 X 10(6) live L1210 cells i.p. Control animals almost always rejected the challenge. In contrast, most mice pretreated w...

Mycoplasma parvum [Eperythrozoon parvum] is the second hemotrophic mycoplasma (hemoplasma) described in pigs. Unlike M. suis, its closest phylogenetic relative, M. parvum, is considered a non-pathogenic bacterium in this host species. Natural infection of a domestic, 6-month-old splenectomized pig with M. parvum strain Indiana is described herein. Light and scanning electron microscopy of the b...