BACKGROUND: Primary and metastatic tumors in the liver are difficult to treat. When surgical resection is not feasible, cryotherapy is one of the several alternative approaches. METHODS: The data on outcomes from hepatic resections are reviewed, and the rationale and techniques of performing cryosurgery for unresectable hepatic cancers are described. The literature is reviewed and combined with...

BACKGROUND Wide excision or Mohs surgery is the standard treatment of skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Superficial SCC or tumor smaller than 1 cm has been treated successfully with open spray cryosurgery. Larger tumor may not be as effective because tissue destruction is usually superficial. Intralesional cryosurgery (IC) may provide a deeper and better cell killing effect in larger tumors. ...

BACKGROUND Thermally significant blood flows into locally cooled diseased tissues and warm them during cryosurgery so that the iceball is often hard to cover the whole diseased volume. This paper is aimed at investigating the effects of large arterial bifurcation on the temperature distribution during cryosurgery through simulation method. METHODS A parametric geometry model is introduced to ...

Cryosurgery has been consistently used as an effective treatment to eradicate irregular tumor tissues. During this process, many difficulties occur such as intense cooling may also damage the neighboring normal tissues due to the release of large amount of cold from the cooling probe. In order to protect the normal tissues in the vicinity of target tumor tissues, coolant was released in a regul...

OBJECTIVES To present a pilot study in which 9 patients treated with focal, unilateral nerve-sparing cryosurgery were followed for up to 6 years. Cryosurgery, in which the whole gland is frozen, has a high rate of impotence, similar to non-nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy. METHODS Before focal nerve-sparing cryosurgery, all patients underwent repeated biopsy on the side opposite the previo...

This study explores the hypothesis that combining the minimally invasive surgical techniques of cryosurgery and pulsed electric fields will eliminate some of the major disadvantages of these techniques while retaining their advantages. Cryosurgery, tissue ablation by freezing, is a well-established minimally invasive surgical technique. One disadvantage of cryosurgery concerns the mechanism of ...