Renal artery stenosis is increasing in prevalence. Angioplasty plus stenting has not proven to be better than medical management. There has been a reluctance to use available denervation methodologies in this condition. We studied conscious, chronically instrumented, two-kidney, one-clip (2K-1C) Goldblatt rats, a model of renovascular hypertension, to test the hypothesis that renal denervation ...

CONTEXT It is suggested that postinjury pain is difficult to examine; thus, investigators have developed experimental pain models. To minimize pain, cryotherapy (cryo) is applied, but reports on its effectiveness are limited. OBJECTIVE To investigate a pain model for the anterior knee and examine cryo in reducing the pain. DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. SETTING Therapeutic modality l...

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has become one of the main tools in structural biology over last decade. Nonetheless, details cryo-EM remain unknown to many researchers. microscopes are very expensive. Therefore, owning, maintaining, or renewing a instrument single laboratory university is often challenging. As been done for synchrotrons, it rational introduce shared facilities and allocate ...

INTRODUCTION Extracellular vesicles (EV) are phospholipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles recognized as new mediators in intercellular communication and potential biomarkers of disease. They are found in many body fluids and mainly studied in fractions isolated from blood plasma in view of their potential in medicine. Due to the limitations of available analytical methods, morphological information o...

Structural analysis of biological machines is essential for inferring their function and mechanism. Nevertheless, owing to their large size and instability, deciphering the atomic structure of macromolecular assemblies is still considered as a challenging task that cannot keep up with the rapid advances in the protein-identification process. In contrast, structural data at lower resolution is b...

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) of single-particle specimens is used to determine the structure of proteins and macromolecular complexes without the need for crystals. Recent advances in detector technology and software algorithms now allow images of unprecedented quality to be recorded and structures to be determined at near-atomic resolution. However, compared with X-ray crystallography, c...

Cryo-EM of large, macromolecular assemblies has seen a significant increase in the numbers of high-resolution structures since the arrival of direct electron detectors. However, sub-nanometre resolution cryo-EM structures are rare compared with crystal structure depositions, particularly for relatively small particles (<400 kDa). Here we demonstrate the benefits of Volta phase plates for single...

Abstract: Cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) enables visualization of protein complexes within their native cellular environment at molecular resolution. Most cells and all tissues, however, are too thick to be imaged directly by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Overcoming this limitation requires the production thin biological sections called lamellae. The procedure obtain lamellae cell...

Elucidation of both the three-dimensional structure and dynamics a protein is essential to understand its function. Technical breakthroughs in single-particle analysis based on cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) have enabled structures numerous proteins be solved at atomic or near-atomic resolution. However, targets using cryo-EM often challenging because their large sizes complex structural as...

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of cryo-treatment on the microstructure, corrosion behavior, and mechanical properties of Ti before and after laser welding. The microstructure was studied by optical microscopy. It was found that the grain size for Ti became smaller after cryo-treatment. Cryo-treatment could also refine and stabilize the crystal lattice structure and d...