UV-B radiation affects crop plants. Growing interest has been shown in studying the effectsof UV-B radiation exclusion on crops since 1993. This article summarized the generalconsequences of UV-B radiation exclusion on crop plants from the aspacts of plant morphology,growth and development. UV-B exlusion has promoting effects on plant height, internodeand leaf size. UV-B exclusion increases roo...

Museum collections constitute a massive store of information on biological diversity. We used museum specimen data to generate ecological niche models that provide predictions of geographic distributions of native rodent pest species and agricultural census data that summarize the geographic distribution of nine crops in the state of Veracruz, Mexico, as well as crop losses between planting and...

PURPOSE The effect of one pesticide spraying season on DNA damage was measured on B and T lymphocytes among open-field farmers and controls. METHODS At least two peripheral blood samples were collected from each individual: one in a period without any pesticide application, several weeks after the last use (January, at period P0), and another in the intensive pesticide spraying period (May or...

Onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), feeding injury results in discoloration and a rough texture on cabbage, Brassica oleracea capitata (L.), leaves, and damage may occur deep inside the head. It has become a key pest of cabbage in the United States and many other countries. Previous studies have indicated poor control using insecticides. The present study identified ...

INTRODUCTION Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp.) is an important pulse crop in the semi-arid tropics and subtropical farming systems, providing high quality vegetable protein, animal feed and firewood (Mittal and Ujagir, 2005). The crop yields are generally hampered by many pests, which are problematic over years (Kumar and Nath, 2002). Major constraint in the production of pigeonpea is the da...

Wheat is one of the major cereal crops with annual global production over 600 MT from about 200 M hectares (FAO 2012). The cultivation of wheat started about 10,000 years ago as part of the Neolithic revolution which state a transition from hunting and gathering of food to settle agriculture. Earlier cultivated forms of wheat were diploid (einkorn) and tetraploid (emmer) with known initial orig...

It has been reported that ambient ozone (O3), either alone or in concurrence with acid rain precursors, accounts for up to 90% of US crop losses resulting from exposure to all major air pollutants. Crop damage due to O3 exposure is of particular concern as ambient O3 concentrations remain high in many major food-producing regions. Assessing O3 damage to crops is challenging due to the difficult...

The Remote Sensing Centre (RSC) of the Institute of Geodesy, Cartography and Remote Sensing (FÖMI) has provided many services in the past 30 years to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) and the Ministry of Environment and Water (MEW). FÖMI also accumulated operational experiences in the applications of remote sensing. The unique methodology of the operational Crop Monitorin...

Physical, chemical, and biological factors of soil may reduce damage caused by plant-parasitic nematodes. Suppression of plant-parasitic nematodes is particularly challenging in soils in which there are short crop sequences, sequential susceptible host crops, or infestations of multiple nematode species. In southern Indiana, a watermelon production system involving rotations with soybean and co...

The limitation of damage caused by pests (plant pathogens, weeds, and animal pests) in any agricultural crop requires integrated management strategies. Although significant efforts have been made to i) develop, and to a lesser extent ii) combine genetic, biological, cultural, physical and chemical control methods in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies (vertical integration), there is a ...