BACKGROUND Cervical Papanicolaou (Pap) smear screening is an effective method of detecting cytological changes in the cervix before they lead to cervical cancer. However, the quality of a Pap smear can be compromised by inflammatory exudate, inadequate cellularity or failure to sample the transformation zone. We evaluated the effect of routine cervical cleaning on Pap smear quality. METHODS I...

BACKGROUND In general practice, infectious conjunctivitis is a common and mostly (64%) self-limiting disorder. In case of an aberrant course or severe symptoms, a general practitioner may take a culture. Direct inoculation is considered the reference standard, but usually a swab is sent to a laboratory. OBJECTIVES To compare the diagnostic performance of the swab, transported by surface mail ...

to a glaucomatous tendency, partly to a nervous tendency on the part of the patient. The following two cases may be cited:? Case 1.?An adult female patient operated upon on the 24th March, 1925. After cocainising three times with a 10 per cent, solution, I began the operation. As soon as the corneal incision in the right eye was finished the lens came out, accompanied by vitreous and followed b...

A precise implant impression is essential for the passive fit of an implant superstructure. Although digital impressions are becoming more popular, conventional impression techniques are still frequently used. A direct (pick-up) open tray impression technique uses a guide pin. When an implant is deeply placed, the guide pin may not extend through the hole of the open tray. Therefore, wiping off...

This report focuses on the development of a method for chemically induced enhancement of cell elution and recovery from cotton swabs. The method exploits the exclusive use of detergents for intact cell removal, and can be utilized in conjunction with, or to circumvent, conventional differential extraction (DE). Samples treated with Sarkosyl (54.4 +/- 1.8%) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) (78.5...

Studies involving mutants of the gene SPATULA indicate that it promotes the growth of carpel margins and of pollen tract tissues derived from them. We show that it encodes a new member of the basic-helix-loop-helix family of transcription factors. SPATULA is expressed in marginal and pollen tract tissues throughout their development confirming its role in regulating their growth. It is also exp...

13 samples were collected from phone screens and headphones, the sample was by a cotton swab planted on Petri dishes. A number of fungal species isolated, their reached six types fungi, where most common fungi in Aspergillus, while headphones are Penicillium Aspergillus fungi. In addition to that, highest frequency with an incidence rate 30.76%, headphone Penicillium, 30.76%.