Neuropeptide and peptide hormone secretion from neural and endocrine cells occurs by Ca(2+)-triggered dense-core vesicle exocytosis. The membrane fusion machinery consisting of vesicle and plasma membrane SNARE proteins needs to be assembled for Ca(2+)-triggered vesicle exocytosis. The related Munc13 and CAPS/UNC31 proteins that prime vesicle exocytosis are proposed to promote SNARE complex ass...

PURPOSE Antigen-sampling M cells have been identified in conjunctival tissue overlying lymphoid follicles in rabbits and guinea pigs. Conjunctival M cells in the guinea pig display alpha(2-3) sialic acid on their surfaces, as evinced by selective labeling by Maackia amurensis leukoagglutinin (MAL)-I. Haemophilus influenzae strains OM12, which expresses the HMW1 adhesin for alpha(2-3) sialic aci...

Many bacterial species actively take up and recombine homologous DNA into their genomes, called natural competence, a trait that offers a means to identify the genetic basis of naturally occurring phenotypic variation. Here, we describe "transformed recombinant enrichment profiling" (TREP), in which natural transformation is used to generate complex pools of recombinants, phenotypic selection i...

The structure of the specificity domain (S-domain) of the Bacillus subtilis RNase P RNA has been proposed to be composed of a core and a buttress module, analogous to the bipartite structure of the P4-P6 domain of the Tetrahymena group I ribozyme. The core module is the functional unit of the S-domain and contains the binding site for the T stem-loop of a tRNA. The buttress module provides stru...

Filopodia assemble unique integrin-adhesion complexes to sense the extracellular matrix. However, mechanisms of integrin localization and regulation in filopodia are poorly defined. Here, we observed that active integrins accumulate at tip myosin-X(MYO10)-positive while inactive uniformly distributed. RNAi depletion 10 activity modulators identified talin as principal activator filopodia. Delet...

background: enterocin-p of enterococcus faecium p13 (entp) is of great interest as a food preservative and medicine due to its non-toxicity and broad antimicrobial spectrum in various ph, as well as its excellent thermal stability. however, recombinant production of entp is still in laboratory because of low productivity and complex purification process. objectives: in this study, we aimed to d...