The outbreak of COVID-19 has disrupted our regular life. Many state and local authorities have enforced a cordon sanitaire for the protection sensitive areas. Travelers can only travel across after being qualified. This paper aims to propose method determine optimal deployment in terms number parallel checkpoints at each entry link epidemic control. A bilevel programming model is formulated whe...

We present a taxonomy of Internet censorship resistance strategies and techniques extracted from analyzing proposed and implemented systems. We categorize the strategies into the following six types to form the CORDON taxonomy: Collateral damage, where the damage caused by censorship would outweigh its benefits; Outside scope of influence, where the censor is powerless to act due to it having n...

On the example of Cabernet-Sauvignon variety, dependence physicochemical parameters grape must and wine materials produced from it, on formation bush (Cordon or Guyot) green operations (chasing upper leaves, pinching, removing stepsons) is shown. The influence listed factors predisposition wines to crystalline turbidities

Until the middle of the 19th century, very few references exist regarding the occurrence of animal diseases in Namibia. With the introduction of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) in 1859, this picture changed completely and livestock owners implemented various forms of disease control in an effort to contain the spread of this disease and minimise its devastating effects. After the e...

Congestion pricing schemes have been traditionally derived based on analytical representations of travel demand and traffic flows, such as in bottleneck models. A major limitation of these models, especially when applied to urban networks, is the inconsistency with traffic dynamics and related phenomena such as hysteresis and the capacity drop. In this study we propose a new method to derive ti...

Pre 1800s: Foragers and agropastoralists occupy the Central Kalahari region. 1849: Livingstone, Oswell, and Murray cross the eastern Kalahari Desert to the Botletle River. 1877: The Dorstland Trekkers cross the Kalahari (pass NE comer of the Reserve). 1898: Founding of the Ghanzi Fanns by Cecil Rhodes and company. 1905: Some Bakwena cattle herded out of the Central Reserve to the Botletle River...

The species of the common shrew (Sorex araneus) group are morphologically very similar but exhibit high levels of karyotypic variation. Here we used genetic variation at 10 microsatellite markers in a data set of 212 individuals mostly sampled in the western Alps and composed of five karyotypic taxa (Sorex coronatus, Sorex antinorii and the S. araneus chromosome races Cordon, Bretolet and Vaud)...

According to classical sexual selection theory, complex multimodal courtship displays have evolved in males through female choice. While it is well-known that socially monogamous songbird males sing to attract females, we report here the first example of a multimodal dance display that is not a uniquely male trait in these birds. In the blue-capped cordon-bleu (Uraeginthus cyanocephalus), a soc...

This paper explores the traffic, land use and welfare impacts of road pricing in the Austin region, introducing planned toll roads, implementing marginal cost pricing (MCP) on main roads, applying tolls to existing bridges, and instituting a downtown tolled cordon. Different toll scenarios are examined, including fixed versus variable tolling, and tolls based on time of day, traffic, and travel...