The nature of active copper species is well-known to vary with copper loading, i.e., isolated Cu(2+) to bulk CuO. In this work, however, the effect of copper loading on the activity and the selectivity was investigated for the wet oxidation of phenol over CuO(x)/Al(2)O(3) catalysts. The activity and the mineralization selectivity of the catalysts increased with copper loading up to 7wt% and rem...

Under ambient conditions, toluene can be oxidized selectively to benzaldehyde, an essential compound in the chemical industry. Copper(I) complexes were applied combination with [Ru(bipy)3](PF6)2 and dioxygen as oxidant. A peroxido copper complex is formed active species. The copper(II) obtained after oxidation photochemically reduced starting copper(I) species, process repeated. More informatio...

1. Copper compounds (calcium copper edetate, copper heptanoate, copper methionate, copper chloride, copper oxide, dicopper oxide and copper gluconate) are normally used, orally in feed or in an injectable solution, to treat copper deficiency in food-producing animals. In veterinary medicine, the recommended doses are 50 to 100 mg copper per animal given as a single injection. Copper has antimic...

in addition to biochemical, physiological and morphological analysis, molecular studies provide additional information for establishing phylogenetic relationships among different species and strains of the genus dunaliella. in the present study, based on neighbor- joining analysis of the nuclear rdna its sequence, a novel strain of the green algae dunaliella viridis was identified from maharlu ...

The aims of this study were to investigate the combined effects of drought stress and copper pollution on enchytraeids under natural conditions in the field and to compare the results of laboratory toxicity tests with results of the field study. Such studies were conducted to increase the understanding of interactions between chemicals and natural stressors and assess the predictive value of st...

Copper is an essential and toxic trace metal for bacteria and, therefore, must be tightly regulated in the cell. Enterococcus hirae is a broadly studied model for copper homeostasis. The intracellular copper levels in E. hirae are regulated by the cop operon, which is formed by four genes: copA and copB that encode ATPases for influx and efflux of copper, respectively; copZ that encodes a coppe...

Monte Carlo simulations using crystal chemical constraints have been used to elucidate the copper diffusion mechanisms in copper-doped zinc sulfide. Relaxation around the ZnSuCu S interface allows facile copper diffusion, particularly in the 22x presence of substitutional oxygen or sulfur vacancies. Copper diffusion is responsible for the brightness degradation in this electroluminescent materi...

A range of air-stable copper species was examined for catalytic activity in the catalytic aerobic transformation of phenols into ortho-quinones. Efficient catalysis was obtained with commercially available copper(II) acetate. The stability of all constituents before mixing makes for a practical process that advances previously reported copper(I)-based oxygenations.

Copper(I) coordinating ligands in the Alzheimer's disease context have remained unexplored, despite the biological relevance of this redox state of the copper ion. Here, we show that the PTA ligand can remove copper from Aβ, prevent reactive oxygen species production and oligomer formation, two deleterious events in the disease's etiology.

A catalytic enantioselective reaction based on a copper(II) catalyst strictly containing chiral anionic ligands is described. In the present work, copper(II)-phosphate catalyst promotes the intramolecular heterocyclization of 2-(1-alkynyl)-2-alkene-1-ones and facilitates high levels of enantioselectivity in the subsequent nucleophile attack. Mechanistic studies suggest that formation of a coppe...