Nowadays, developing an integrated energy system (IES) is considered as effective pattern to improve efficiency and reduce supply costs. This study proposes a new index—convertibility index (CI)—to quantitatively assess the flexibility of IES regarding conversion processes between different flow types. Based on CI constraint, planning problem modeled bi-level optimization problem. To solve prop...

Abstract Among the approaches of circular construction, reuse buildings can be considered most desirable as it leaves a large portion embodied carbon untouched. At same time, also minimises energy effort modifying, transporting or reprocessing components. However, its underlying mechanisms and boundaries are largely understudied convertibility adaptability currently at rudimentary integrated ne...

Today, since the contemporary world is changing to meet the needs of various people, the aim should be to provide a condition for areas and buildings in order to respond to the needs of various shapes, its future audience requirements, adaptability, flexibility, versatility, etc. Since the scarcity of environmental resources and ecological crises in the world today cannot justify the demolition...

An elementary, purely algebraic definition of model for the untyped lambda calculus is given. This definition is shown to be equivalent to the natural semantic definition based on environments. These definitions of model are consistent with, and yield a completeness theorem for, the standard axioms for lambda convertibility. A simple construction of models for lambda calculus is reviewed. The a...

By combining the two notations of ring signature and authenticated encryption together, we introduce a new type of authenticated encryption signature, called ring authenticated encryption, which has the following properties: signer-ambiguity, signer-verifiability, recipient-designation, semantic-security, verification-convertibility, verification-dependence and recipient-ambiguity. We also give...