Climate models robustly simulate weakened mean circulations of the tropical atmosphere in direct response to increased carbon dioxide (CO2). The direct response to CO2, defined by the response to radiative forcing in the absence of changes in sea surface temperature, affects tropical precipitation and tropical cyclone genesis, and these changes have been tied to the weakening of the mean tropic...

We explore the vertical convective flux Fc in a radiative-convective grey atmosphere. An expression of the form Fc = Fsτo/(C +Dτo) appears useful, where Fs is the shortwave flux absorbed at the base of an atmosphere with longwave optical depth τo and C and D are constants. We find excellent agreement with an idealized grey radiative-convective model with no shortwave absorption for D = 1 and C ...

The frictional dissipation in the shear zone surrounding falling hydrometeors is estimated to be 2–4 W m22 in the Tropics. A numerical model of radiative–convective equilibrium with resolved three-dimensional moist convection confirms this estimate and shows that the precipitation-related dissipation is much larger than the dissipation associated with the turbulent energy cascade from the conve...

We present numerical simulations of penetrative convection and gravity wave excitation in the Sun. Gravity waves are self-consistently generated by a convective zone overlying a radiative interior. We produce power spectra for gravity waves in the radiative region as well as estimates for the energy flux of gravity waves below the convection zone. We calculate a peak energy flux in waves below ...

An analytical solution to the transient heat conduction for a two dimensional cylindrical fin with general boundary conditions is obtained by the principle of superposition and separation variables. In the analysis, homogeneous material properties and thickness, the convective heat transfer coefficient, the ambient temperature and the fin properties are assume to be constant. The closed form tr...

We propose a simple interpretation of the rotation period data for solarand late-type stars. The open cluster and Mt. Wilson star observations suggest that rotating stars lie primarily on two sequences, initially called I and C. Some stars lie in the intervening gap. These sequences, and the fractional numbers of stars on each sequence evolve systematically with cluster age, enabling us to cons...

In this study, thermal performance across straight convecting- radiating fin with temperature dependent thermal conductivity is considered. The variation of parameters (VPM) is adopted to analyze the nonlinear higher order differential equations arising due to thermal conductivity and heat transfer coefficient on temperature distribution. Pertinent parameters such as thermo geometric and radiat...