This review provides the basic principle and rational for ROC analysis of rating and continuous diagnostic test results versus a gold standard. Derived indexes of accuracy, in particular area under the curve (AUC) has a meaningful interpretation for disease classification from healthy subjects. The methods of estimate of AUC and its testing in single diagnostic test and also comparative studies...

BACKGROUND There is increased use of early nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) to manage respiratory distress in preterm infants but optimal methods and factors associated with successful wean are not well defined. A systematic review was performed to define the corrected gestational age (CGA), weight to wean NCPAP and the methods associated with successful weaning of the NCPAP am...

myths are reflective of human concerns and needs during ancient times. by reviewing them, it turns out that many human problems today, have a historical background. among the main themes of ancient mythologies, fertility and reproduction have various representations in ancient civilizations. the purpose of this paper was to review myths and common symbols of fertility and reproduction in ancien...

This paper describes and discusses the history and state of the art of continuous backbone robot manipulators. Also known as continuum manipulators, these robots, which resemble biological trunks and tentacles, offer capabilities beyond the scope of traditional rigid link manipulators. They are able to adapt their shape to navigate through complex environments and grasp a wide variety of payloa...

Following a concise introduction to multiextremal mathematical programming problems and global optimization (GO) strategies, a commented list of software products for analyzing and solving continuous GO problems is presented.