BACKGROUND Implementing complex and multi-level public health programmes is challenging in school settings. Discrepancies between expected and actual programme outcomes are often reported. Such discrepancies are due to complex interactions between contextual factors. Contextual factors relate to the setting, the community, in which implementation occurs, the stakeholders involved, and the chara...

Even though washing hands with soap is among the most effective measures to reduce the risk of infection, handwashing rates in infrastructure-restricted settings remain seriously low. Little is known about how context alone and in interaction with psychosocial factors influence hand hygiene behavior. The aim of this article was to explore how both contextual and psychosocial factors affect hand...

The growing availability of data in electronic form, the expansion of the World Wide Web (WWW) and the accessibility of computational methods for large-scale data processing have allowed researchers in Information Retrieval (IR) to design systems which can effectively and efficiently constrain search within the boundaries given by context, thus transforming classical search into contextual sear...

abstract background: consideration of patient autonomy is an essential element in individualized, patient‑centered, ethical care. internal and external factors associated with patient autonomy are related to culture and it is not clear what they are in iran. the aim of this study was to explore contextual factors affecting the autonomy of patients in iranian hospitals. materials and methods: th...

As a part of a larger-scale research, the present study aimed to use the main tenets of sociocultural perspective; namely, mediation, internalization, zone of proximal development, and the activity theory, to analyze the novice and expert teachers’ professional development through personal practical theorizing as an awareness raising technique. Furthermore, the study attempted to identify the c...

Pediatric pain experiences result from a complex interplay of genetic, experiential, and developmental factors. These elements, as they relate to needle-stick procedures and other relevant painful phenomena, are explored in this article so that the context of possible interventions may be more fully appreciated. Clinical implications are discussed incorporating ethical perspectives.

Context and human factors may be essential to improve measurement processes for each sensor and the particular context in each sensor could be used to obtain a global definition of context in multisensor environments. The reality may be captured by human sensorial domain based only on machine stimulus and then generate a feedback which can be used by the machine, at its different processing lev...

OBJECTIVE To combine insights from multiple disciplines into a set of questions that can be used to investigate contextual factors affecting health decision making. BACKGROUND Decision-making processes and outcomes may be shaped by a range of non-medical or 'contextual' factors particular to an individual including social, economic, political, geographical and institutional conditions. Resear...

BACKGROUND Disability can be broken down into difficulties in different components of functioning such as impairments and limitations in activities and participation (A&P). Previous studies have produced the seemingly surprising result that persons with severe impairments tend to report high quality of life (QoL) including perceived health regardless of their condition; the so-called "disabilit...