OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis whether enriched air nitrox (EAN) breathing during simulated diving reduces decompression stress when compared to compressed air breathing as assessed by intravascular bubble formation after decompression. METHODS Human volunteers underwent a first simulated dive breathing compressed air to include subjects prone to post-decompression venous gas bubbling. Twel...

A series of one-dimensional studies is presented to reveal basic aspects of momentum and energy transfer to plates in air blasts. Intense air waves are initiated as either an isolated propagating wave or by the sudden release of a highly compressed air layer. Wave momentum is determined in terms of the energy characterizing the compressed layer. The interaction of intense waves with freestandin...

In this article, modeling and optimization of power consumption of two–stage compressed air system has been investigated. To do so, the two – stage compressed air cycle with intercooler of FAJR Petroleum Company was considered. This cycle includes two centrifugal compressors, a shell, and a tube intercooler. For modeling of power consumption, actual compressors isentropic efficiencies and inter...

In this article, modeling and optimization of power consumption of two–stage compressed air system has been investigated. To do so, the two – stage compressed air cycle with intercooler of FAJR Petroleum Company was considered. This cycle includes two centrifugal compressors, a shell, and a tube intercooler. For modeling of power consumption, actual compressors isentropic efficiencies and inter...

This paper describes modeling and simulation of air compressor energy use to estimate energy savings in compressed air systems from air use reduction and other changes. The method uses measured power signatures and other compressor parameters as inputs to calculate various performance metrics and estimate energy savings. To enable recognition of control mode from measured power data, examples o...

Bubbles in the ocular tear film have been observed following both dry-chamber, simulated compressed air dives and in-water, recreational compressed air dives. The current paper reports on the formation of tear film bubbles in a breath-hold diver following repeated, extended breath-hold excursions to a maximum depth of -28.5 m. It is believed that this is the first time that ocular tear film bub...

In some last decades, increasing air pollution and its consequences captivate attention of researchers from all over the world. Scientists have developed some alternate fuels to eliminate the exhaust pollutants. In this paper, idea of using compressed air as a power source in natural gas engines is presented and discussed to explore the concept of new energy vehicles. However, energy densityof ...

This paper discusses an energy efficient compressed air system at an industrial automation components manufacturing facility. The authors performed and energy assessment as part of the DOE’s Industrial Assessment Center program and followed up with additional investigations on the compressed air system. The compressed air system utilizes an outlet pressure transducer to a microcontroller to adj...