We employ a number of statistical measures to characterize neural discharge activity in cat retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and in their target lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) neurons under various stimulus conditions, and we develop a new measure to examine correlations in fractal activity between spike-train pairs. In the absence of stimulation (i.e., in the dark), RGC and LGN discharges exhib...

Significant scientific and translational questions remain in auditory neuroscience surrounding the neural correlates of perception. Relating perceptual data collected from humans can be useful; however, human-based are typically limited to evoked far-field responses, which lack anatomical physiological specificity. Laboratory-controlled preclinical animal models offer advantage comparing single...

Strong cross-winds may overturn trains, so an understanding of the fluid mechanics is important. To facilitate the proper estimation of the probability of a train overturning, accurate data for the aerodynamic rolling moment about the lee rail is essential. (Of course, many other parameters are required.) The flow of a turbulent cross-wind over a train moving across an embankment is complex, an...

This paper surveys various formal approaches that could be used to facilitate the development of the train control system described in BART case study. This system is interesting because train control must take into account complex behaviors, positional uncertainties, noise, continuous aspects, and a prede ned computational architecture. The approaches discussed are works in progress and are no...

In the complex operation environment of high-speed trains, the comprehensive evaluation index systems with high scientificity and measurability have been established after the all-round analysis of various effects on comfort for high-speed train. Meanwhile, a comprehensive evaluation method on comfort for high-speed train has been built by the rough set theory and multidimensional coefficient t...

The term synaptic plasticity points to a series of persistent changes related to the activity of synapses. Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a reflection of synaptic plasticity that has an important role in learning and memory. LTP is a long-lasting increase of synaptic activity due to enhancement of excitatory synaptic transmission after a high-frequency train of electrical stimulations. Differe...

The profound knowledge of radio wave propagation is essential for the design and test wireless communication systems especially in demanding environments mobile transmitters receivers. In this article we provide an accurate description relevant parameters train-to-train scenarios considering typical such as railway stations, open field hilly terrain with cutting. At beginning contribution short...

In this paper we provide efficient robust algorithms for shunting problems concerning the reordering of train cars over a hump. In particular, we study algorithms able to cope with small disruptions, as temporary and local unavailability and/or malfunctioning of key resources that can occur and affect planned operations. To this aim, a definition of robust algorithm is provided. Performances of...

Many sentiment-analysis methods for the classification of reviews use training and test-data based on star ratings provided by reviewers. However, when reading reviews it appears that the reviewers’ ratings do not always give an accurate measure of the sentiment of the review. We performed an annotation study which showed that reader perceptions can also be expressed in ratings in a reliable wa...