Electrochemistry is a very useful technique to generate surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates. SERS depends on two mechanisms: the electromagnetic effect, related plasmonic properties of nanostructures in substrate, and chemical mechanism, interaction between target molecule substrate. Thus, enhancement for strongly nature that form In this work, time-resolved spectroelectrochemis...

In this work, we demonstrate the epitaxial growth of a gallium-nitride (GaN) buffer structure qualified for 1200 V applications on 200 mm engineered poly-AlN substrates with hard breakdown >1200 V. The manufacturability opens doors to high voltage GaN-based power such as in electric cars. Key achieving is careful engineering complex material stack combination use substrates. CMOS-fab fri...

To investigate the importance of sequences between the yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) branch point (TACTAAC box) and 3' splice site (AG), we generated a series of pre-mRNA substrates that differed in the length of RNA retained on the 3' side of the TACTAAC box. These pre-mRNAs were compared as substrates for the first step of in vitro splicing (5' cleavage and lariat formation) and in vitro s...

The aim of this study was to verify the viability of lignocellulosic substrates to obtain renewable energy source, through characterization of the cellulolytic complex, which was obtained by solid state fermentation using Trichoderma viride. Enzymatic activity of the cellulosic complex was measured during saccharification of substrates filter paper, eucalyptus sawdust, and corncob, and compared...

Addition of metal salts to a diiridium macrocyclic complex leads the spontaneous formation supramolecular particles that react preferentially with small substrates and can tolerate glutathione additives.