We study experimentally the relationship between distributional preferences and competitive behavior. We find that spiteful subjects react strongest to competitive pressure and win in a tournament significantly more often than efficiency-minded and inequality averse subjects. However, when given the choice between a tournament and a piece rate scheme, efficiency-minded subjects choose the tourn...

BACKGROUND The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is a critical mediator linking stress to health. Understanding how to modulate its reactivity could potentially help reduce the detrimental health effects of HPA axis activation. Social evaluative threat is a potent activator of this system. Access to control and coping responses can reduce its reactivity to pharmacological activation. Co...

I. Deutsch's Crude Law of Social Relations Many years ago, my students and I were doing research to answer the question: What are the factors which determine whether a conflict will take a constructive or destructive course? (See Deutsch, 1973, for a summary and discussion of this research) After much research, a major simplifying idea occurred to me which I labeled Deutsch's Crude Law o/Social...

Previous studies have suggested the involvement of N-Methyl,D-Aspartate (NMDA) pathway in the Pathophysiology of anxiety disorder. However the role of NMDA neurotransmission in the neurobiology of different classes of anxiety disorder remains unexplored. This study examined the effects of intraperitoneal administration of acute (3 mg/kg) and withdrawal from chronic administration of non-competi...

Abstract Oil palm is the most productive oil crop, but its high productivity associated with conventional management (that is, fertilization rates and herbicide application), causing deleterious environmental impacts. Using a 2 factorial experiment, we assessed effects of vs reduced (equal to nutrients removed by fruit harvest) mechanical weeding on ecosystem functions, biodiversity profitabili...

Research findings suggest that the family context and communication patterns have high correlation with adolescent’s mental health indicators such as anxiety. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the mediator role of coping strategies in relation between family communication patterns and students social anxiety. 140 students of Shiraz guidance schools were studied they completed th...

the purpose of this study was to study the matching of the competitiveness trait and kind of training condition when learning a sport skill (basketball free throw). 60 male university students (age 21.76±1.5 years) participated in this study and were divided into two homogeneous groups based on their pretest scores. as a result, four training groups were used in this study. sport orientation qu...

The present study examined the effects o f competitive outcome--either a win or a loss--on intrinsic motivation. Winning was hypothesized to facilitate both performance and intrinsic motivation. Ftfty-four participants, 29 females and 25 males, competed against a same-gender confederate in a puzzle-solving contest. Following the competition, participants" intrinsic motivation was surreptitiousl...

INTRODUCTION Previous studies have shown that the cannabinoid system is involved in anxiety. In addition, transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 (TRPV1) channels are new targets for the development of anxiolytics. The present study investigated the possible interaction between the cannabinoid and vanilloid systems on anxiety-like behavior in rats. METHODS Four different groups of male ...