researches support that color is like a force that affects on nervous system and this effect is not less than music and sometimes it may be more than that. poets throughout history have shown great interest in color, but this interest varies from time to time. as at pre-islamic era, color was used in its original meaning in most situations and this view has slowly gone toward using color in sym...

A neutron star in a long-lived, low-mass binary can easily accrete enough matter to replace its entire crust. Previous authors noted that an accreted crust, being formed from the burning of accreted hydrogen and helium, allows a series of non-equilibrium reactions, at densities & 6 × 10 g cm−3, which release a substantial amount of heat (∼ 1MeV per accreted nucleon). Recent calculations by Scha...

The average chemical compositions of the continental crust and the oceanic crust (represented by MORB), normalized to primitive mantle values and plotted as functions of the apparent bulk partition coefficient of each element, form surprisingly simple, complementary concentration patterns. In the continental crust, the maximum concentrations are on the order of 50 to 100 times the primitive-man...

There must be a transition from continuous porous flow to transient formation of melt-filled fractures in the region of magma transport below oceanic spreading centers. This transition may occur at permeability barriers that impede porous flow of melt, at the base of the oceanic crust and within the lower crust. We summarize evidence for formation of melt-filled lenses at the base of the crust ...

We estimate the three-dimensional (3D) P-wave attenuation structure beneath the Niigata–Kobe Tectonic Zone (NKTZ), central Japan, using high-quality waveform data from a large number of stations. The obtained results confirm the segmentation of the NKTZ into three regions, as suggested by 3D seismic velocity models, and reveal characteristic structures related to surface deformation, shallow su...

[1] We perform travel-time tomography to estimate detailed seismic velocity structures in the crust of the Pacific slab from northeastern (NE) Japan to the Kanto district, Japan, and reveal that the depth extent of the low-velocity (hydrated) oceanic crust varies along the arc. The low-velocity oceanic crust is subducting to depths of 120–150 km beneath Kanto, which is 40–70 km deeper compared ...

aving considered the Earth’s formation in the last chapter, let’s now use the tools of geochemistry we acquired in the first eight chapters to consider how the Earth works. The Earth, unlike many of its neighbors, has evolved over its long history and it remains geologically active. Four and a half billion years later, it is very different place than it was first formed. Certainly one of the ma...

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of soy flour on nutritional, physicochemical, and sensory characteristics of gluten-free (GF) bread. In this study, corn flour was replaced with soy flour at different levels 5%, 10%, and 15% to produce a more nutritionally balanced GF bread. Physical and chemical properties, sensory evaluation and crust and crumb color were measured in bread sampl...