The F region downstream of the mecI gene in the SCCmec element in hospital-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (HA-MRSA) contains two bidirectionally overlapping open reading frames (ORFs), the fudoh ORF and the psm-mec ORF. The psm-mec ORF encodes a cytolysin, phenol-soluble modulin (PSM)-mec. Transformation of the F region into the Newman strain, which is a methicillin-sens...

Mechanical forces play an important role in the organization, growth, maturation, and function of living tissues. At the cellular level, the transmission of forces from outside the cell through cell-matrix and cell-cell contacts are believed to control spreading, motility, maturation as well as intracellular signaling cascades that may change many characteristics in cells. We looked at cell pop...

The cloned, SV40-immortalized mouse macrophage cell line, BAC1.2F5, resembles primary macrophages in its dependence on colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) for both viability and proliferation. Re-addition of CSF-1 stimulates rapid, transient behavioural changes in starved cells, which are rounded, with diffusely organized F-actin and few intracellular vesicles. Within 1 min, cells begin to spre...

background: yeast infections are increasing cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. in order to perform a dna-based diagnostic test, availability of a rapid and easy-to-perform dna extraction protocol is essential. in the present study we evaluated colony-pcr as the easiest way to amplification of target dna. methods: instead of using templates of purified genomic dna, w...

Wireless sensor networks are spreading over large area. There are some constraints on sensor network. Especially on data gathering that is main function or we can say backbone of wireless sensor network. In this paper study the concept of data gathering in the wireless sensor network. The focus of our work lies on making the process of data gathering to be efficient. We are using PEGASIS, LEACH...

The ability to form a fractal colony was shown to be common among several species of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Bacterial spreading growth in a two-dimensional field of nutrient concentration was indicated to be important for this experimental self-similar morphogenesis. As a basic analogy, the diffusion-limited aggregation model was suggested. Fractal dimensions of colonies were mostly in ...

Reduction in the moisture content of the medium produced a profound effect on the colony morphology of Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni. Fresh medium produced flat, grayfish, spreading colonies with an irregular shape and variety appearance. Plates that were incubated at 30 degrees C for 48 h produced round, convex, butyrous colonies with an entire edge. Plates incubated at 30 degrees C for 24...

W THEN notoedric mange is present in a large rabbit colony it becomes a serious menace unless adequate measures are taken to control it. The disease seems invariably to appear first on the nose, later spreading over the frontal region, lips, eyelids, and base of the ears. Simultaneously with the spread of lesions on the head, the lateral aspect of the hind limbs, the dorsal aspect of the fore l...