We can say a software project is successful when it is delivered on time, within the budget and maintaining the required quality. However, nowadays software cost estimation is a critical issue for the advance software industry. As the modern software’s behaves dynamically so estimation of the effort and cost is significantly difficult. Since last 30 years, more than 20 models are already develo...

Reliable effort estimation remains an ongoing challenge to software engineers. Accurate effort estimation is the state of art of software engineering, effort estimation of software is the preliminary phase. The relationship between the client and the business enterprise begins with the estimation of the software. Accurate effort estimation gives a good cost estimate.The authors have proposed an...

Estimating cost is a very wearisome activity in all aspect. A person with broad scope and good thinking for the future makes more precise decisions. It helps in governing and planning the software risks which are admirably correct and precise. In 1960 regression analysis and mathematical formulae were practiced to determine cost. We need to think more than simply putting numbers into a formula ...

INTRODUCTION Health disparities exist between rural and urban residents; in particular, rural residents have higher rates of chronic diseases and obesity. Evidence supports the effectiveness of policy and environmental strategies to prevent obesity and promote health equity. In 2009, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended 24 policy and environmental strategies for use by loc...

-Estimating the cost and effort of software product is one of the biggest challenges. With the growth of technology and changing frequent user requirements it becomes very difficult to make accurate software cost estimation. But the accurate results are required for proper project planning because any error results in huge losses. The objective of software cost estimation method is to estimate ...

Software development has always been characterized by some metrics. One of the greatest challenges for software developers lies in predicting the development effort for a software system which is based on developer abilities, size, complexity and other metrics. Several algorithmic cost estimation models such as Boehm’s COCOMO, Albrecht's' Function Point Analysis, Putnam’s SLIM, ESTIMACS etc. ar...

Federally funded, community-based participatory research initiatives encourage the development and implementation of obesity prevention policies. In 2009, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) published the Common Community Measures for Obesity Prevention (COCOMO), which include recommended strategies and measures to guide communities in identifying and evaluating environmental a...

BACKGROUND Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is associated with enzootic bovine leukosis, which is the most common neoplastic disease of cattle. BLV infects cattle worldwide, imposing a severe economic impact on the dairy cattle industry. Recently, we developed a new quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method using Coordination of Common Motifs (CoCoMo) primers to measure the provi...

Software cost estimation accuracy is one of the biggest challenges in the field of software development for developer and customers. In general, many algorithmic models like Constructive Cost Model (COCOMO) are used to estimate cost but they have inability to deal with uncertainties related to software development environment and other factors influencing the software development process. The E...

Large software companies have to plan their project portfolio to maximize potential portfolio return and strategic alignment, while balancing various preferences, and considering limited resources. Project portfolio managers need methods and tools to find a good solution for complex project portfolios and multiobjective target criteria efficiently. However, software project portfolios are chall...