To investigate the anti-angiogenic effect and underlying molecular mechanisms of curcumin on HepG2 cells under hypoxic conditions, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) knockout HepG2 cells were constructed using a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas9 genome-editing system. Hypoxic conditions were generated using cobalt chloride (CoCl2). An MTT assay was perfo...

The majority of tumors possess the features of hypoxia. It is generally accepted that hypoxia is a negative prognostic factor for cancer. Low levels of oxygen are able to modify basic cell metabolism status. Elucidating the basic response, including cell proliferation and migration, to hypoxia by cancer cells is important for understanding the role of hypoxia in the development of cancer. In th...

Obese subjects often present a low-grade chronic inflammation in the white adipose tissue, which seems to play an important role in the initiation and development of obesity-related diseases. It has been reported that this inflammatory process may be due to a hypoxic state occuring within this tissue. Oxygen is used in current medicine as a treatment for several conditions. The aim of this stud...

GENERAL METHODS S4 SYNTHESIS OF SUBSTRATES S4-S6 Synthesis of (Z)and (E)-1-cyclohexyl-1,3-butadiene (8) Typical procedure for the synthesis of (Z)and (E)-1,3-dienes (Z)and (E)-1-Benzylbuta-1,3-diene (18) (Z)and (E)-1-(2-Furyl)-1,3-butadiene (21) (Z)and (E)-1-(4-Butyl-1-cyclohexyl)-1,3-butadiene (22) SYNTHESIS OF COBALT COMPLEXES S7 CHEMOSELECTIVE ASYMMETRIC HYDROVINYLATIONS S7 Asymmetric hydrov...

Humidity indicators based on composite polyamide 66/cobalt chloride (PA66/CoCl2) nanofibrous membranes (NFMs) were successfully fabricated by electrospinning. A series of NFMs with various weight percentage of CoCl2 to PA66 were prepared, and their humidity sensitivity based on color changing and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) were studied. Due to the color change property of cobalt chloride...

The role of inorganic metals and metalloporphyrins in the induction of mRNAs for haem oxygenase and heat-shock protein 70 (hsp70), the two heat-shock proteins, was examined in human HepG2 and Hep3B hepatoma cells. SnCl2, but not Sn-protoporphyrin, was found to be a potent inducer of both haem oxygenase and hsp70 mRNAs. In contrast, CoCl2, ZnCl2 and FeCl2 caused little induction of haem oxygenas...

In response to hypoxia, mammalian cells express multiple gene products [including erythropoietin (EPO) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)] that serve to increase O2 delivery, as well as glucose transporters and glycolytic enzymes (such as enolase 1) that allow metabolic adaptation to decreased O2 availability. Increased transcription of the genes encoding these proteins in hypoxic ce...

Hypoxic microenvironments and angiogenesis have been a focus of tumor research in previous years. The aim of the the present study was to create a hypoxic model and observe the effect of hypoxia on the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor expression. The hypoxia model was generated using cobalt chloride (...

To evaluate the effect of leptin combined with CoCl2 on rat femur fracture healing. 48 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into two main groups. Then standardized femur fractures were created to all rats. Control group rats were treated with 0.5 mL physiological saline, and experimental group rats were treated with 5 μg/Kg.d leptin and 15 mg/Kg.d CoCl2 along with 0.5 mL physiological...