Nerve block waveforms require the passage of large amounts of electrical energy at the neural interface for extended periods of time. It is desirable that such waveforms be applied chronically, consistent with the treatment of protracted immune conditions, however current metal electrode technologies are limited in their capacity to safely deliver ongoing stable blocking waveforms. Conductive h...

Lowering the overpotential for the electrochemical conversion of CO2 to useful products is one of the grand challenges in the Department Of Energy report, “Catalysis for Energy”. In a previous paper, we showed that CO2 conversion occurs at low overpotential on a 1-ethyl-3methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMIM-BF4)-coated silver catalyst in an aqueous solution of EMIM-BF4. One of the surprise...

The Open University's repository of research publications and other research outputs The production of platinum-coated silicate nanoparti-cle aggregates for use in hypervelocity impact experiments Journal Article (2009). The production of platinum-coated silicate nanoparticle aggregates for use in hypervelocity impact experiments. Copyright and Moral Rights for the articles on this site are ret...

A portable vacuum interface allowing direct probing of the electrode-electrolyte interface was developed. A classical electrochemical system consisting of a gold working electrode, platinum counter electrode, platinum reference electrode, and potassium iodide electrolyte was used to demonstrate real-time observation of the gold iodide adlayer on the electrode and chemical species as a result of...

T HE platinized platinum electrode develops a rapidly responding and readily recorded potential in the presence of hydrogen dissolved in blood. A sensitive procedure for detecting and localizing left-to-right shunts in the catheterization laboratory"2 and in the operating room3 has been developed with use of such an electrode on the tip of a cardiac catheter. Hydrogen has been found to be compl...

Extracellular metal microelectrodes are widely used to record single neuron activity in vivo. However, their signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is often far from optimal due to their high impedance value. It has been recently reported that carbon nanotube (CNT) coatings may decrease microelectrode impedance, thus improving their performance. To tease out the different contributions to SNR of CNT-coate...

Electrode-to-cell/tissue interfaces with high biocompatibility, low impedance, and long-term chemical mechanical stability are of paramount importance in numerous biological biomedical applications. For meticulous monitoring parameters, there is a rapidly growing interest sensing at subcellular levels radically improved spatiotemporal resolution, which necessitates ultra-miniaturized electrodes...

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have emerged as a high-efficiency, low-cost alternative to solid-state silicon solar cells. Typically, DSSCs are composed of a mesoporous titania nanocrystal electrode on a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) substrate with ruthenium-based sensitizers on the titania nanocrystals, platinum on the TCO substrate as a counter electrode, and iodine/iodide electrolyt...