Co-culture engineering is an emerging approach for microbial biosynthesis of a variety of biochemicals. In this study, E. coli-E. coli co-cultures were developed for heterologous biosynthesis of the natural product naringenin. The co-cultures were composed of two independent E. coli strains dedicated to functional expression of different portions of the biosynthetic pathway, respectively. The c...

We investigated Legionella contamination in bath water samples, collected from 68 bathing facilities in Japan, by culture, culture with amoebic co-culture, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), and real-time qPCR with amoebic co-culture. Using the conventional culture method, Legionella pneumophila was detected in 11 samples (11/68, 16.2%). Contrary to our expectation, the culture method with the ...

BACKGROUND This study investigated the effect of two in vitro embryo culture systems (co-culture system versus cell-free sequential-media) on developmental competence, cryosurvival and DNA- fragmentation of in vitro developed bovine blastocysts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bovine presumptive zygotes were cultured in Ménézo's B2 (B2) plus vero-cells or sequential synthetic oviductal fluid (SOF) for ...

this study investigated the cognition of 70 tunisian teachers on the place of culture in english education. it showed that tunisian teachers believe that english textbooks and curricular documents are not specific about the cultural dimension of efl. it also revealed that l2 teachers, whose mother culture is distant from that associated with l2, hold ambivalent attitudes towards culture. they a...

BACKGROUND A key step in any process that converts lignocellulose to biofuels is the efficient fermentation of both hexose and pentose sugars. The co-culture of respiratory-deficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae and wild-type Scheffersomyces stipitis has been identified as a promising system for microaerobic ethanol production because S. cerevisiae only consumes glucose while S. stipitis efficientl...