It is inevitable that tree species will undergo considerable range shifts in response to anthropogenic induced climate change, even in the near future. Species Distribution Models (SDMs) are valuable tools in exploring general temporal trends and spatial patterns of potential range shifts. Understanding projections to future climate for tree species will facilitate policy making in forestry. Co...

Pressure dipoles are important long distance climate phenomena (teleconnection) characterized by pressure anomalies of opposite polarity appearing at two different locations at the same time. Such dipoles have proven important for understanding and explaining the variability in climate in many regions of the world, e.g., the El Niño climate phenomenon is known to be responsible for precipitatio...

El Nino southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) have enormous effects on the precipitations around the world. Australian rainfall is also affected by these key modes of complex climate variables. Many studies have tried to establish the relationships of these large-scale climate indices among the rainfalls of different parts of Australia, particularly Western Australia, New So...

Climate is complex ecological factor described by different climate elements and phenomena that effect development of vegetation and its natural distribution. Climate elements the most important for vegetation are air temperatures, amount of precipitations, air humidity and wind. The aim of this research was to determine trends and changes of climate elements in the region of Mediterranean Croa...

[1] We utilize the GISS Global Climate Middle Atmosphere Model and eight different climate change experiments, many of them focused on stratospheric climate forcings, to assess the relative influence of tropospheric and stratospheric climate change on the extratropical circulation indices (Arctic Oscillation, AO; North Atlantic Oscillation, NAO). The experiments are run in two different ways: w...

the assessment of the thermal bioclimate is based on the human energy balance and derived indices such as Physiologically equivalent temperature (Pet) or Universal thermal Climate index (UtCi). these two indices were compared over a period of ten year based on hourly data in a middle european city with a temperate climate. the analysis performed shows that the differences obtained result from t...

Fire history of a ponderosa pine-mixed conifer forest was investigated in the Whiskeytown National Recreation Area, southeastern Klamath Mountains, California. Fire return intervals were found to be frequent and similar to other comparable forests in California. Median fire interval for the six sample plots (1.4–1.7 ha) ranged from 2 to 4 years (mean range, 4.8–7.4 years). Most fires (93%) occu...

22 23 Trends in extreme temperature and precipitation in two regional climate model 24 simulations forced by two global climate models are compared with observed trends over 25 the western United States. The observed temperature extremes show substantial and 26 statistically significant trends across the western United States during the late 20th 27 century, with consistent results among indivi...