Background and purpose: Although greenhouse gases related with the Land Use, Land Use Changes and the Forestry (LULUCF) represent approximately 15-20% of all greenhouse gases emissions to the atmosphere, afforestation/reforestation projects of Kyoto protocol related Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) represents only 0.75% of all CDM projects. All these facts prompted re-negotiation of climate ch...

Concerns have been raised among the scientific communities about the increased atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2). Carbon sequestration rates can be maintained or increased by afforestation, reforestation, avoided deforestation, forest preservation and particular tending and cultural operations on existing forests. Of these, afforestation and reforestation are the only eligible p...

The international legal foundation of the Clean Development Mechanism and the key requirements for successfully embarking on such projects are introduced. Potential opportunities for South African mining companies are highlighted. An explanation of national legal authorisation requirements will follow with reference to a hypothetical coal bed methane capture project as a case study. Issues such...

The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol has a dual objective: to encourage low-cost emission reduction and to promote sustainable development in the host countries of CDM projects. The CDM has by and large delivered on the first objective but arguably not on the second. This paper assesses quantitatively the form and prevalence of co-benefits in CDM projects. Adopting a broa...

The Kyoto Protocol’s Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is capable of incentivizing the international transfer of environmentally sound technologies. Given that both countries are expected to have similar incentives when managing the distribution of technology transfer within the country, why does the sub-national patterns in allocation of projects with technology transfer differ across the two ...

Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) project developers have long complained about the complexities of project-specific baseline setting and the vagaries of additionality determination. In response to this, the CDM Executive Board took bold steps towards the standardization of CDM methodologies, culminating in the approval of guidelines for the establishment of performance standards in November 20...

1. At its sixty-ninth meeting, the Executive Board (hereinafter referred to as the Board) of the clean development mechanism (CDM) considered the draft " Guidelines for determination of baseline and additionality thresholds for standardized baselines using the performance-penetration approach " (the guidelines) prepared by the secretariat. The Board provided comments and requested the secretari...

INtrODuCtION The Clean Development Mechanism has been recognized as a force for the empowerment of women through its various methodologies. While these methodologies may not have started out to be gender-friendly per se, their application has improved women's lives and by extension the lives of their communities. This publication will highlight some of these gender-friendly methodologies, as we...

In this paper we propose a market consistent futures price dynamics model for cap-andtrade schemes, designed in the spirit of the European Union’s Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS). Historical price dynamics for the EU ETS suggest that, both, European emission Allowances (EUAs) and Certified Emission Reductions (CERs), certificates, which are generated through the Clean Development Mechanism (C...

Climate change is one of the most significant challenges to sustainable development facing the international community. Increased attention has been given by industries and governments from both industrialized and developing countries to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions through the clean development mechanism (CDM), one of the Kyoto Protocol’s (KP) flexible mechanisms. China is the biggest...