Can a truth-bearer be true but not determinately so? On the enduringly popular standard supervaluational conception of indeterminacy, under which the principle of bivalence is invalid, the answer is a straightforward No. On such a conception, truth just is determinate truth—truth in all admissible interpretations. For that reason, a more interesting question is: can a truth-bearer be true but n...

Proof theory is the study of why a proposition is true in a system, as opposed to the study of which propositions are true. In ordinary classical logic all proofs of the same proposition are indistinguishable, so its proof theory is essentially nonexistent. Polarized logic aims to fill this void as a rich proof theory with classical reasoning principles. In this report we examine polarized logi...

We reply to claims (by Deutsch, Zeh, Brown and Wallace) that the pilot-wave theory of de Broglie and Bohm is really a many-worlds theory with a superfluous configuration appended to one of the worlds. Assuming that pilot-wave theory does contain an ontological pilot wave (a complex-valued field in configuration space), we show that such claims arise from not interpreting pilot-wave theory on it...

We reply to claims (by Deutsch, Zeh, Brown andWallace) that the pilot-wave theory of de Broglie and Bohm is really a many-worlds theory with a superfluous configuration appended to one of the worlds. Assuming that pilot-wave theory does contain an ontological pilot wave (a complex-valued field in configuration space), we show that such claims arise from not interpreting pilot-wave theory on its...

The patient activation measure (PAM) is an increasingly popular instrument used as the basis for interventions to improve patient engagement and as an outcome measure to assess intervention effect. However, a PAM score may be calculated when there are missing responses, which could lead to substantial measurement error. In this paper, measurement error is systematically estimated across the ful...

Quantum game theory is a multidisciplinary field which combines quantum mechanics with game theory by introducing non-classical resources such as entanglement, quantum operations and quantum measurement. By transferring twoplayer-two strategy (2 × 2) dilemma containing classical games into quantum realm, dilemmas can be resolved in quantum pure strategies if entanglement is distributed between ...

It is well known that classical systems governed by ODE or PDE can have extremely complex emergent properties. Many researchers have asked: is it possible that the statistical correlations which emerge over time in classical systems would allow effects as complex as those generated by quantum field theory (QFT)? For example, could parallel computation based on classical statistical correlations...

Bell inequalities are a consequence of measurement incompatibility (not, as generally thought, of nonlocality). In classical terms, this is equivalent to contextuality — measurement devices do have a significant effect. Contextual models are reasonable in classical physics, which always took the view that we ignore measurement devices whenever possible, but if that isn’t good enough then we do ...

examination malpractice is any act carried out by anybody that defies the rules that guides a student whose knowledge or ability is being tested in a particular knowledge or skill with the aim of distorting the student’s true knowledge or ability. this article employs three classical major sociological perspectives in analyzing examination malpractice in nigerian universities. the structural-fu...