Robust and efficient predictions of buckling-driven delamination propagation, enabled by a novel analytical modelling approach, are presented. The model considers full mechanical coupling (extension-shear, extension-bend, extension-twist/shear-bend bend-twist), contact mode-mixity thus significantly enhances the capabilities current approaches. A problem description in cylindrical coordinates e...

We demonstrate circular flow formation at a surface in homeotropically oriented nematic liquid crystals with a free surface using focused laser beam irradiation. Under a weak laser power, a pit together with an associated circular bulge is formed: the Marangoni effect. Here a diverging molecular flow from the pit (thermocapillary flow) also induces director tilt in the radial direction. Upon in...

The Flattened Brazilian Disk test was designed for measuring both the tensile strength and fracture toughness of rocks. Using cohesive zone modelling, we found that method is practically not suitable extracting toughness, while it works well in calibrating strength. flattened disk provides a very narrow window variation load during failure, <15%, insufficient to reflect change among different m...

Conveying hard and the abrasive materials has been one of the major operational problems in industrial situations. The erosion of plant components, especially the pipe bends by abrasive solid particles of a fluid stream makes installation of pneumatic conveying systems a very costly affair for industry. Most users have either lived with the problem or have employed expensive bend materials to r...

Different flow-altering methods, such as W−Weirs, have been developed to reduce erosion. For this study, we performed two experiments: (1) installing a W−Weir in various positions determine the best angle for placement, and (2) investigating variation of flow patterns bed shear stress distribution 90-degree sharp bend by measuring 3D components velocities, with without where greatest scour dept...

Mode I fracture toughness (KIC) is an intrinsic material property that quantifies its resistance to tensile propagation. The International Society for Rock Mechanics has endorsed four methods determine the KIC of rock, namely, short rod, chevron bend, cracked notched Brazilian disc, and semi-circular bend (SCB) methods. In this study, we compare results SCB technique with those recently propose...