Software configurable analogue arrays offer an intriguing platform for automated design by evolutionary algorithms. Like previous evolvable hardware experiments, these platforms are subject to noise during physical interaction with their environment. We report preliminary results of an evolutionary system that uses concepts from gene expression to both discover and decide when to deploy analogu...

We present an analogue VLSI circuit that performs morphological image processing operations on the focal plane. The circuit has been fabricated using a standard digital CMOS process. We exploit the parallelism of morphological image processing operations by using the massively parallel architecture of analogue VLSI arrays, achieving both high-speed and low-power computation [1]. The analogue ci...

Nowadays, due to the increasing complexity of circuits and systems incorporating mixedsignal components, many designers recognise the advantages of, and in some cases the necessity for, mixed-signal modelling and simulation of the circuits and systems as a whole prior to, during and post production of the circuit or system. This is particularly so within the microelectronics (semiconductor) are...

This paper describes an analogue EHW (Evolvable Hardware) chip for Intermediate Frequency (IF) lters, which are widely used in cellular phones. When analogue Integrated Circuits (ICs) and LargeScale Integrated Circuits (LSIs) are manufactured, the values of the analogue circuit components, such as resistors or capacitors, often vary from the precise design speci cations. Analogue LSIs with such...

We describe a hierarchical structure for a knowledge-based analog circuit synthesis tool. Analog circuit topologies are represented as a hierarchy of abstract functional blocks each with associated design knowledge. We also describe mechanisms to select from among alternate design styles, and to translate performance specifications from one level in the hierarchy to the next lower level. A prot...

In this paper, an optimization technique is presented for the design of piezoelectric buzzers. This design technique aims at finding the optimal configuration of the coupled cavity and diaphragm structure to maximize the sound pressure output. Instead of measuring the material constants of the piezoelectric ceramic and the metal diaphragm, an "added-mass method" is developed to estimate the equ...

In Analog circuit design field, current reference circuit is mostly used for constant current supply to the circuits, so that their function runs properly. This work gives a circuit that operates with minimum operating voltage and current, CMOS current generator circuit and presents its performance with circuit simulation in 180nm UMC CMOS technology. The designed circuit has four sub parts sta...

In this paper we propose a design path for optimization-based device sizing of analog circuits. The design path offers an efficient and reliable way to implement high-performance analog integrated circuits without the explicit knowledge of an experienced designer. A key feature is that the partial cost functions are generated directly from the circuit topology. To demonstrate the functionality ...

The article comprises numerical data of distinct semiconductor materials applied in the sketch of a CdTe absorber based ultrathin film solar cell. Additionally, the contact layer parametric values of the cell have been described also. Therefore, the simulation has been conducted with data related to the hetero-structured (n-ZnO/n-CdS/p-CdTe/p-ZnTe) semiconductor device and a J-V characteristics...

Hybrid inorganic–organic solar cells typically combine a transition metal oxide and organic absorber to form the donor–acceptor pair. Here, we explore the use of a rare earth oxide to function as the inorganic component of a hybrid solar cell. Oxidized neodymium (Nd2O3) particles are combined with [6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) to form the solar cell active layer. The short c...