Abstract A literature review was conducted to investigate the effect of physical exercise and physical training on cognition and academic performance in children and adolescents. Nine randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials with 2,013 participants were identified by employing the following data sources: the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, Eric, CINAHL, PsychINFO, and I...

A review was conducted of the literature on prevalence, predictors and correlates of adherence to the therapeutic regimen in adults receiving hemodialysis (HD). Searches were conducted on Medline, PsycINFO and CINAHL from the years 1950 to 2007. Articles selected for this review met the following inclusion criteria: subjects were adult HD patients, at least one predictor or correlate of adheren...

This article is to review literature from 2011 to 2015 on spiritual care in nursing using CINAHL. In this article, the keywords “systematic review,” “spiritual care,” and “nursing” were used to search the CINAHL database. Initially a total of 19 articles were identified; however, 11 papers were reviewed after excluding the inappropriate articles following six categories as the definition of spi...

There are a growing number of studies concerning people with intellectually disabilities (ID) who offend, however few studies systematically record prevalence of mental health problems. This article will attempt to determine the prevalence mental health problems in people with ID who offend. Search terms were entered into the CINAHL, EMBASE, Ovid MEDLINE(R) and PsycINFO databases. Studies were ...

We built on evidence searches developed for a comprehensive systematic review of evidence about staffing in emergency departments [4]. We searched MEDLINE, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library using terms such as “substitute/nurse specialist/physician assistant/advanced practice nurse”, “skill mix”, linked with terms such as ‘‘emergency nursing’’, ‘‘Accident and emergency or emergency department’’, ...

The aim of this review was to examine the evidence regarding barriers to nurse leadership. Nurses comprise the largest segment of the healthcare workforce. Nursing has consistently been ranked as the most respected position by United States Gallop Poles with the exception of 2011 when fire fighters were ranked number 1. However, the percentage of nurse hospital and health system board members d...

Midwifery, the first holistic profession in the world in which “care” has always been a women-centered phenomenon. It is a socially constructed practice that has gone through many historical transitions. Many of these have involved social controversies in terms of the meaning of care, the scope of its practice, and its standardized skills. The purpose of this paper is to explore and critically ...

Background: The prevalence of childhood obesity, which has seen a rapid increase over the last decade, is now considered a major public health problem. Current treatment options are based on the two important frameworks of schooland family-based interventions; however, most research has yet to compare the two frameworks in the treatment of childhood obesity. The objective of this review is to c...

End-stage kidney disease is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular-specific mortality. Polyphenol-rich interventions may attenuate cardiovascular disease risk factors; however, this has not been systematically evaluated in the hemodialysis population. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, the following databases were searched: Cochran...

Objective. The purpose of this study was to determine the database indexing of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for a meta-analysis addressing the effects of exercise on pain and physical function in adults with arthritis and other rheumatic diseases (AORD). Methods. The number, percentage, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for included articles at initial and follow-up periods were calcula...