Atmospheric aerosols are one of the main pollutants which harmful to human health and environment. emitted from different sources sizes depending upon size aerosol particle, it deposits in parts body cause varying problems. Fine Particulate (PM2.5) is associated with more severe consequences than coarse particulate (PM10) might be short-term acute symptoms like coughing, shortness breath, wheez...

The six-minute walk test (6MWT) is a well-tolerated test which reflects daily activities and can be easily used in clinical practice. The 6MWT provides information about functional capacity, response to therapy and prognosis across a range of chronic cardiopulmonary conditions. Moreover, the 6MWT is sensitive to the common therapies used for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, such as pulmon...

The expert consensus of the Russian communities discusses issues comprehensive medical rehabilitation patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19 is a contagious infectious that can cause pulmonary, cardiac, motor, metabolic, neurocognitive and mental disorders, is, multiple organ dysfunction. survivors, especially after severe clinical course, face serious psychological physica...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the most rapidly rising cause of death in individuals >65 yrs of age, the most rapidly growing segment of the USA population. Advancing the clinical research agenda for COPD entails careful consideration of several issues and problems: defining COPD, reliance on physiological testing, outcome measurements and comorbidities. In addition, issues per...

This review is devoted to the distinct associations of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and chronic liver disorders with chronic airway diseases, namely chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchial asthma, and other chronic respiratory disorders in the adult population. While there is strong evidence for the association of chronic airway diseases with IBD, the data are much weaker for t...

according to significant improvements in the tissue engineering field over the past several years, lung tissue cells have recently attracted more attention due to the high prevalence and diversity in related diseases. however, selection of an appropriate cell type, screening of suitable conditions for growth and proliferation, as well as subsequent implantation into the body to repair and regen...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus are common and underdiagnosed medical conditions. It was predicted that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease will be the third leading cause of death worldwide by 2020. The healthcare burden of this disease is even greater if we consider the significant impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on the cardiov...

Introduction : Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a condition in which the lungs experience obstruction that not fully reversible. One of independent nursing interventions dealing with decreased diaphragmatic breathing exersice relaxation technique. This technique non-pharmacological therapy can improve abdominal movement by reducing respiratory muscle activity. The purpose study w...