BACKGROUND Both chronic hypoxia and allergic inflammation induce vascular remodeling in the lung, but only chronic hypoxia appears to cause PH. We investigate the nature of the vascular remodeling and the expression and role of hypoxia-induced mitogenic factor (HIMF/FIZZ1/RELMα) in explaining this differential response. METHODS We induced pulmonary vascular remodeling through either chronic h...

This symposium was organized to present research dealing with the effects of intermittent hypoxia on cardiorespiratory systems and cellular mechanisms. The pattern of neural impulse activity has been shown to be critical in the induction of genes in neuronal cells and involves distinct signaling pathways. Mechanisms associated with different patterns of intermittent hypoxia might share similar ...

People living at high altitude appear to have lower blood glucose levels and decreased incidence of diabetes. Faster glucose uptake and increased insulin sensitivity are likely explanations for these findings: skeletal muscle is the largest glucose sink in the body, and its adaptation to the hypoxia of altitude may influence glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity. This study tested the hypothes...

Prolonged periods of hypoxia are deleterious to higher brain functions and increase the likelihood of developing dementias. Here, we have used fluorimetric techniques to investigate the effects of chronic hypoxia (2.5% O(2), 24 h) on Ca(2+) stores in type I cortical astrocytes, because such stores are crucial to various astrocyte functions, including Ca(2+)-dependent modulation of neuronal acti...

OBJECTIVE Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is caused by episodes of upper airway (UA) obstruction due to an inability of UA muscles such as the geniohyoids and sternohyoids to maintain airway patency. This results in chronic episodic hypercapnic hypoxia. Chronic continuous hypoxia and episodic hypocapnic hypoxia affect skeletal muscle structure and function, but the effects of chronic episodic hyp...

Anemia is one of the homeostatic abnormalities caused by chronic kidney disease and also frequently problem encountered in end-stage renal patients, regardless hemodialysis treatment. significantly impairs function, increases morbidity mortality risk, deteriorates quality life. Chronic disease’s patients with anemia conditions are affected numerous factors, including decreased production endoge...

BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension is associated with vascular remodeling and increased extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. While the contribution of ECM in vascular remodeling is well documented, the roles played by their receptors, integrins, in pulmonary hypertension have received little attention. Here we characterized the changes of integrin expression in endothelium-denuded pulmonary ar...

conclusions we assessed polysomnographic parameters of ahi, odi, laso2 and mean nocturnal spo2 levels, which are especially important in the association between nafld and osas. we think that it is necessary to be attentive regarding nafld development and progression in patients with osa whose nocturnal hypoxia is severe. patients and methods in this study, between december 2011 and december 201...

due to advanced treatments in the field of heart disease, cyanotic heart disease patients have a greater chance of survival, and nowadays many of them live until adolescence or middle age. one of the signs of this disease is blood hypoxia, which has acute and chronic effects on the cns. in this paper the effect of chronic hypoxia on children affected by cyanotic congenital heart disease (chd) i...

Objective—Macrophage activation contributes importantly to the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases including atherosclerosis. Macrophages exist chronically under moderate hypoxia (2% to 5% O2) in inflamed tissues such as atherosclerotic plaques. However, macrophage phenotypes in such environments remain incompletely understood. This study tested the hypothesis that chronic moderate hypoxia in...