Meta-analytic evidence supports a gene-environment (G×E) interaction between life stress and the serotonin transporter polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) on depression, but few studies have examined factors that influence detection of this effect, despite years of inconsistent results. We propose that the "candidate environment" (akin to a candidate gene) is key. Theory and evidence implicate major stress...

background: salmonella enterica serovar typhi (s. typhi) the cause of the acute febrile disease typhoid fever is the major public health problem in developing countries. asymptomatic carriers are the main sources of typhoid. the aim of this study was to investigate methods for isolation and identification of s. typhi in asymptomatic carriers. materials and methods: two hundred stool samples wer...

introduction : staphylococcus aureus colonization has been recognized as one of the most important risk factors for subsequent infections with this microorganism. in this study, we intended to identify all patients who were mrsa-positive upon admission and compare the prevalence of mrsa colonization on different days of study admitted in imam reza hospital in mashhad, iran. methods : this cross...

in this study, feasibility of upgrading and retrofitting municipal wastewater treatment plantswas investigated at laboratory scale using moving bed biofilm reactor (mbbr) process. for this purpose,an aerobic pilot was operated for nearly one year in different conditions, in which a moving bed carrier with aspecific biofilm surface area of 500 m2/m3 and a filling rate of 60% was utilized. system...

BACKGROUND Chronic HBV infection can be divided into 4 distinct clinical phases: immune tolerant, immune active, inactive carrier, and HBeAg-negative hepatitis. Using a systems biology approach, we recently identified innate immune response components, specifically NK cells as a distinctive factor of specific HBV clinical phases. To expand on this study and identify the underlying immunological...

International organizations, agencies and institutions have made a strong call for early diagnosis of HIV and the prompt –or even immediate-initiation of antiretroviral treatment. It doesn ́t happen the same with viral hepatitis. Hepatitis B can ́t be cured yet. There is no effective treatment to clear the infection among chronic carriers. Yet, being aware of the condition of chronic carrier allo...

chronic carriers worldwide.1 The highest carrier rate is in Asia and Africa. 2 Chronic infection develops among 90% of newborns, 29-40% of children and 5-10% of adults.3 Patients with long-standing active liver disease are at high risk of developing liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.4 Hepatitis B virus is responsible for 80% of liver cancer cases in the world.5 Therefore, prevention ...

International organizations, agencies and institutions have made a strong call for early diagnosis of HIV and the prompt –or even immediate-initiation of antiretroviral treatment. It doesn ́t happen the same with viral hepatitis. Hepatitis B can ́t be cured yet. There is no effective treatment to clear the infection among chronic carriers. Yet, being aware of the condition of chronic carrier allo...

International organizations, agencies and institutions have made a strong call for early diagnosis of HIV and the prompt –or even immediate-initiation of antiretroviral treatment. It doesn ́t happen the same with viral hepatitis. Hepatitis B can ́t be cured yet. There is no effective treatment to clear the infection among chronic carriers. Yet, being aware of the condition of chronic carrier allo...

International organizations, agencies and institutions have made a strong call for early diagnosis of HIV and the prompt –or even immediate-initiation of antiretroviral treatment. It doesn ́t happen the same with viral hepatitis. Hepatitis B can ́t be cured yet. There is no effective treatment to clear the infection among chronic carriers. Yet, being aware of the condition of chronic carrier allo...