Hair and urine samples were collected from 34 male tannery workers and from 12 normal adults. Eighteen of the workers dealt directly with chromium and the remaining 16 (controls) worked in the offices and kitchen of the same factory. All were found to be clinically healthy. Chromium was determined by flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy. When compared with normal adult values, urinary chrom...

Density functional theory (DFT) has been used to investigate the conformations and thermochemistry on the singlet and triplet potential energy surfaces (PES) of Cr2(CO)10. The global minimum energy structure for the lowest singlet state of C2h symmetry is consistent with a model of two interacting Cr(CO)5 fragments in which one carbonyl in each fragment acts as an asymmetric four-electron donor...

Although in principle transition metals can form bonds with six shared electron pairs, only quadruply bonded compounds can be isolated as stable species at room temperature. Here we show that the reduction of {Cr(mu-Cl)Ar'}2 [where Ar' indicates C6H3-2,6(C6H3-2,6-Pri2)2 and Pr indicates isopropyl] with a slight excess of potassium graphite has produced a stable compound with fivefold chromium-c...

A novel radio frequency magnetron sputtering method for the deposition of composite films which consist of chromium oxide and chromium ~Cr2O3/Cr-cermet! is presented. As an extension to conventional reactive sputtering of a Cr target in an argon and oxygen atmosphere the oxygen flow into the process chamber is switched periodically on and off. This leads to an oscillating oxygen partial pressur...

The wood preservative chromated copper arsenate (CCA) contains hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] and the conversion of Cr(VI) to trivalent chromium [Cr(III)] drives fixation of the treatment chemicals to the wood fibers. Since the toxicity of Cr depends on its valence state, an assessment of the Cr species occurring in CCA-treated wood, as well as leachates and ashes from CCA-treated wood, is helpfu...

An adverse intrauterine environment, induced by a chromium-restricted diet, is a potential cause of metabolic disease in adult life. Up to now, the relative mechanism has not been clear. C57BL female mice were time-mated and fed either a control diet (CD), or a chromium-restricted diet (CR) throughout pregnancy and the lactation period. After weaning, some offspring continued the diet diagram (...

Chromium pollution is potentially detrimental to bacterial soil communities, compromising carbon and nitrogen cycles that are essential for life on earth. It has been proposed that intracellular reduction of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] to trivalent chromium [Cr(III)] may cause bacterial death by a mechanism that involves reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced DNA damage; the molecular basis of ...

The goal of this experiment was to investigating of effects of different levels of nano chromium (N-Cr) in diet on egg quality and blood chromium content of japanese quail. Two hundred and forty laying japanese quail (45 day old) were randomly distributed to 20 experimental unit with 12 birds in cage pens of 40 × 80 cm. Experimental treatments include: 1) control national research council (NRC,...

Chromium, especially chromium (VI), is the main pollutant of the tannery and electroplating industries. Cr (VI) is said to be a hazardous pollutant as it is highly toxic, mutagenic as well a carcinogen. Cr (VI) is mobile as it is soluble in nature. In our present study, indigenous bacteria that are tolerant to high concentrations of Cr (VI) were isolated from chromium contaminated electroplatin...

background: previous research has shown that cr is needed for growth and protein synthesis. objectives:  this study was carried out to determine the effects of supplementing chromium-methionine (cr-met) on performance, hematologic characteristics and meat quality parameters in kids. methods: thirty-two male kids (average initial bw of 22 ± 2 kg, 4mo) were used in a completely randomized design ...