objectives: the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and its determinants of antipsychotic use in patients with psychiatric disorders. materials and methods: this study was on patients with psychiatric disorder that have discharged from the hospital. we have assessed all patients with psychiatric interview and evaluation of their psychiatric documentations. results: 90.7% of all ...

Investigations by Courvoisier, Fournel, Ducrot, Kolsky, and Koetschet in 1953 had shown that chlorpromazine reduces convulsions in mice after coramine and in rabbits after nicotine Therefore, the drug seemed to suggest itself as an anticonvulsant in epilepsy But in 1954 Bente and Itil, De Castro and Brard, and Mayr and Lechner observed activation of the electroencephalogram (E.E.G.) in epilepsy...

Selenium (Se) is an essential element for many organisms but also toxic at higher levels. The objective of this study was to identify accessions from the model species Arabidopsis thaliana that differ in Se tolerance and accumulation. Nineteen Arabidopsis accessions were grown from seed on agar medium with or without selenate (50 microM) or selenite (20 microM), followed by analysis of Se toler...

In this paper it is studied the ways by which the radical cation chromophore of chlorpromazine, produced through a reaction between chlorpromazine maleate and potassium persulfate in hydrochloric acid medium, can be applied in realization an evaluation method of the antioxidant activity. The chlorpromazine radical cation is a radical with biological relevance, being involved in oxidative proces...

This study was carried out to investigate the preventive effects of galactoglucomannan (GGM), a homogeneous polysaccharide from Dendrobium huoshanense, on liver injury and fibrosis induced by sodium selenite. Sprague-Dawley rats injected subcutaneously with sodium selenite at the dosage of 3.28 mgkg(-1) b.wt. were set as the model groups. Rats treated with sodium selenite at the dosage of 3.28 ...

INTRODUCTION There have been several reports indicating that schizophrenia is related to the activation of the inflammatory response system (IRS), characterized by increased serum concentrations of several cytokines, and that antipsychotic drugs may have immunosuppressive or immunoregulatory effects. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of neuroleptics on cytokine and reactiv...

Antagonism of the discriminative stimulus properties of 10 mglkg cocaine was studied in rats by use of the dopamine Dl antagonist SCH 23390 and the Dl antagonist haloperidol. Whereas SCH 23390 and haloperidol were by themselves unable to antagonize the cueing properties of cocaine, the combination of both dopamine antagonists resulted in a complete blockade of the cocaine cue. In the presence o...

BACKGROUND Heliotropium indicum is used as a traditional remedy for hypertension in Ghana. The aim of the study was to evaluate the anti-glaucoma potential of an aqueous whole plant extract of H. indicum to manage experimentally-induced glaucoma. METHODS The percentage change in intraocular pressure (IOP), after inducing acute glaucoma (15 mLkg(-1) of 5 % dextrose, i.v.), in New Zealand White...

This work investigates the potential of Rubus ulmifolius, indigenous to a metal contaminated site--Esteiro de Estarreja--for phytoremediation purposes. The site has a long history of metal contamination. The accumulation of lead (Pb), arsenic (As) and nickel (Ni) in different sections--roots, stems and leaves - of the plant was assessed and compared to the levels of those metals in the soil and...