The bactericidal action of chloramphenicol against six Haemophilus influenzae type b isolates and six Escherichia coli K-1 isolates was compared. Cells were grown in antibiotic-free medium into the late-stationary and mid-exponential phases of growth, and inocula of 10(5) to 10(6) cells per ml were added to fresh media containing 1 or 10 micrograms of chloramphenicol per ml for H. influenzae is...

The free-living spirochete Spirochaeta aurantia was nearly as susceptible to diacetyl chloramphenicol, the product of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, as it was to chloramphenicol itself. This unexpected susceptibility to diacetyl chloramphenicol was wholly or partly the consequence of intrinsic carboxylesterase activity, as indicated by high-performance liquid chromatography, thin-layer chro...

AIMS To determine in children with meningitis whether there is any difference in mortality and neurological sequelae using chloramphenicol as first line treatment, with a change to ceftriaxone if chloramphenicol resistance is shown in vitro, compared to using ceftriaxone as first line treatment, with a change to chloramphenicol if there is no evidence of in vitro resistance. METHODS An observ...

purpose : rhinoplasty is one of the most common cosmetic surgeries. lateral osteotomy is one of the surgical steps used in rhinoplasty. there are several procedures to determine the tear passage time through nasolacrimal duct (nld) such as dacryocystography, dacryoscintigraphy, taste test, etc. one of the useful tests which can be used for determination of tear passage through nld is dripping o...

nowadays, uncontrolled and frequent use of antibiotics may cause emergence of microbial resistanceamong pathogenic agents. therefore, the use of new synthetic and natural antimicrobial compounds isinevitable. one source of natural compounds in this respect comes from plants. the purpose of this study was to examine the antibacterial effects of peel extracts from sour and sweet pomegranate. meth...

Incubation of spores, washed mycelium or whole cultures of a Streptomyces sp. with chloramphenicol (I) resulted in the loss of in vitro bioactivity of the antibiotic. Gas chromatographic estimation of an appropriate extract revealed that more than 95% of the antibiotic was inactivated under the specified conditions. The spores inactivated chloramphenicol in an inorganic buffer solution, or in d...

It is generally assumed that inhibitors of peptidoglycan biosynthesis do not kill nongrowing bacteria. An exceptional case is reported here. The addition of chloramphenicol to amino acid-deprived cultures of relA+ strains of Escherichia coli which were treated with beta-lactam antibiotics, D-cycloserine, or moenomycin resulted in lysis. This phenomenon is termed chloramphenicol-dependent lysis....

The Escherichia coli R factor-derived chloramphenicol resistance (camr) gene is functionally expressed in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. the gene was introduced by transformation into yeast cells as part of a chimeric plasmid, pYT11-LEU2, constructed in vitro. The plasmide vector consists of the E. coli plasmid pBR325 (carrying the camr gene), the yeast 2-micron DNA plasmid, and the yeast ...

Overuse and abuse of antibiotics can increase the risk of cancer. Chloramphenicol can inhibit both bacterial and mitochondrial protein synthesis, causing mitochondrial stress and decreased ATP biosynthesis. Chloramphenicol can accelerate cancer progression; however, the underlying mechanisms of chloramphenicol in carcinogenesis and cancer progression are still unclear. We found that chloramphen...