PURPOSE Topiramate is an effective anti-epileptic drug and can be associated with increased risk for urolithiasis because of its effects on acid-base profile. Evidences that supported an association of topiramate and urolithiasis were limited to case reports or series. We investigated the association of topiramate and urolithiasis in a nationwide population-based cohort study. METHODS We anal...

OBJECTIVES Clinical features and risk factors for atazanavir (ATV)-associated urolithiasis have not been fully investigated. METHODS We reviewed all cases of ATV-containing urolithiasis identified by infrared spectrophotometry among HIV-infected patients over a 5-year period to describe their clinical features and outcome. A case-control study was performed to identify risk factors associated...

Frequency of urinary tract infection was determined in 82 patients with urolithiasis and in 40 patients with an indwelling Catheter. Significantly high proportion of adult patients with renal and vesical calculi were infected while children with bladder stones had high proportion of sterile urine. Indwelling catheter was associated with a high rate of urinary infection (JPMA 31:254,1981).

Bilateral staghorn renal calculi in a 7-year-old girl with cystinuria were dissolved over a period of 6 months, using a high fluid intake, urinary alkalinisation, and D-penicillamine. Even in children with extensive cystine urolithiasis, medical management may avert the need for surgery.

Salmonella species are a rare cause of urinary tract infections in children. They have been associated with a higher incidence of structural abnormalities or immunosuppressive status. We report the case of an 11-year-old girl with urinary tract infection (UTI) secondary to Salmonella typhi and associated with urolithiasis. A review of the subject is then discussed.

INTRODUCTION The pathophysiology of urolithiasis in infancy is not well known. The aim of this study was to investigate whether infants with urolithiasis have higher serum levels of vitamin D, as a possible risk factor for urolithiasis, compared to infants without urinary calculi. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this case-control study, 36 infants with urolithiasis (age range, 2.5 to 24 months) were...

OBJECTIVE To retrospectively evaluate the effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for urolithiasis and compare the results between children and adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS From January 2011 to January 2015 (four years), ESWL was performed in 104 children and 300 adults for urolithiasis. MODULITH® SLX-F2 lithotripter (Storz Medical AG, Tägerwilen, Switzerland) equipment...

OBJECTIVE Urinary lithiasis affects between five and 10% of the human population during their lifetime, only 2-3% of whom are children. Therapy of urolithiasis in the pediatric age group with minimally invasive methodology represents an attractive alternative. This study presents results of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy, a minimally invasive methodology, for the treatment of urinary lith...

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