We review the theoretical and experimental status of intense laser alignment—a field at the interface between intense laser physics and chemical dynamics with potential applications ranging from high harmonic generation and nanoscale processing to stereodynamics and control of chemical reactions. After placing the intense laser approach in context with other alignment techniques, we proceed wit...

Indium tin oxide (ITO) particle coatings are known for high transparency in the visible, good conductive properties and near-infrared absorption. These properties depend on ITO particle's stoichiometric composition, defects and size. Here we present a method to gradually change ITO particle's optical properties by a simple and controlled laser irradiation process. The defined irradiation proces...

Many of the investigations of contamination related laser damage to date have been largely phenomenological. These papers can provide some direction in the quest for determining and maintaining adequate laser cleanliness levels. Purely optical analyses of laser contamination effects likewise provide direction. Neither the phenomenological nor the purely classical optical methods provide a solid...

abstract   background : natural uranium exists in earth crust and seawater. the concentration of uranium might increase by human manipulation or geological changes. the aim of this study was to verify susceptibility of laser flourimetry method to determine the uranium concentration in caspian sea and persian gulf water.   materials and methods : laser flourimetric method was used to determine t...

A microhole array in a common single-mode fiber is fabricated by selective chemical etching of femtosecond-laser-induced fiber Bragg grating (FBG), which has a laser-modified region extending from the fiber core to the cladding-air boundary due to laser self-focusing. The shape and size of the orderly microhole on the fiber surface are controlled via changing conditions of FBG fabrication and c...

In this work, a novel technique is presented for the graphene fabrication based on the pulsed laser ablation of graphite target inside the cryogenic liquid using the pulsed nanosecond Q-switched Nd:Y3Al5O12 (Nd:YAG) laser at 1064 nm. Single-stage fabrication process is taken into account as a remarkable advantage without need to high vacuum devices and additional chemical components. The synthe...

Chemical burns are slow healing injuries and their depth is difficult to assess. Tissue destruction continues as long as active material is present in the wound site. The routine therapy for treatment of full thickness chemical burns is early excision; it shortens hospitalization and reduces morbidity. However, presently there is no specific treatment for chemical burns of partial thickness. Th...

Infrared lasers are ideally suited for the selective and precise removal of carious dental hard tissue while minimizing the healthy tissue loss. Since the initial investigations of Stern[1] over 30 years ago, several unique laser applications have evolved for dentistry, namely laser ablation of dental hard tissue, caries inhibition treatments by localized surface heating, and surface conditioni...

Multidimensional chemical detection and identification based on phase shaped femtosecond laser pulses coupled to mass spectrometry is demonstrated. The method based on binary phase shaping (BPS) takes into account the accuracy and precision standards required by analytical chemistry. It couples multiphoton intrapulse interference of ultrashort laser pulses with time-of-flight mass spectrometry ...