OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present experiment was to determine the reliability of the cervicocephalic relocation test (CRT). METHODOLOGY Thirteen young healthy adults were recruited to undergo a CRT test-retest. The test-retest reliability was determined by repeatedly measuring CR to a neutral position after active movement, with trials approximately 1 hour apart. Each CRT involved 20 CRs t...

The kinesthetic sense, the sense of position and movement of our limbs, has been the subject of speculation for more than 400 years. The present-day view is that it is signaled principally by muscle spindles, with a subsidiary role played by skin and joint receptors. The problem with muscle spindles as position sensors is that they are able to generate impulses in response to muscle length chan...

However, our search of the literature failed to disclose any report of FMD associated with fenestration of the cervicocephalic arteries; therefore, it is presumed that the association observed in the present patient was incidental. The clinical significance of fenestration of the vertebral artery has not been determined. An aneurysm susceptible to rupture may arise in the proximal portion of th...

The aim of this study was to study the relationship between trait and state anxiety with force control and adjustment of dominant hand’s angle in male athlete and non-athlete students. For this purpose, 200 students (100 athletes and 100 non-athletes) where randomly selected among all male bachelor students of Arak University in the academic year 2012-2013 by simple random method. The mea...

Acute stroke can be missed in the emergency department, particularly in younger patients and in those with more vague symptoms such as headache or dizziness. Cervicocephalic dissections are one group of etiologies for acute stroke in the young. While cervicocephalic dissections are not uncommon in clinical practice, isolated middle cerebral artery dissection (MCAD) has been rarely reported as a...

RATIONALE Cervicocephalic artery dissections, once considered a rare disease, have become increasingly recognized as a cause of stroke in young and middle-aged individuals. Early diagnosis is mandatory because anticoagulation or antithrombotic therapy can help prevent primary or secondary ischemic events. However, the diagnosis is still a crucial challenge for radiologists and neurologists. P...