Objective: Intrauterine insemination (IUI) is known as a routine method for infertility treatment. The effectiveness of IUI is not identical in all cases. So in this study to evaluate different methods of IUI in order to increase pregnancy rate, IUI with cleaning cervical canal by swab is compared to IUI without cervical canal cleaning. Materials and methods: This study was conducted from 2008/...

BACKGROUND Although two types of cervical cryotherapy tips are widely used, there have been no randomized prospective comparison studies reported in the medical literature. Shallow conical tip proponents theorize that a greater depth of freeze near the os yields better treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) without elevating the squamocolumnar junction into the cervical canal. Fl...

persistent microorganisms in the root canal are known to cause endodontic treatments failure. overextended gutta-percha can also act as a periradicular tissue irritant, leading to large periapical lesions. retrieval of overextended gutta-percha with a nonsurgical approach can prove to be a challenge. this case describes the nonsurgical management of a large periapical lesion associated with ove...

Cervical pregnancy is defined as an implantation of a fertilized ovum in the cervical canal. It is a very rare and dangerous form of ectopic pregnancy. The incidence ranges from 1/2500 to 1/12,000 pregnancies, which accounts for approximately 0.15% of all ectopic pregnancies. Rapid crossing of the fertilized ovum through the endometrial cavity and the travel speed of the ovum could be the cause...

Patients with apparent symptoms of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) may only show a mild compressive lesion in ordinary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of CSM patients with "hidden" lesions on kinetic MRI and to determine an effective treatment.Thirty-one patients with obvious spinal cord compression only on kinetic MRI were in...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to elucidate the pathological characteristics of C3-C4 cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) from the radiological study. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 31 patients with single level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) at C3-C4 and 46 patients with single level ACDF at C5-C6 were included in this study. We selected C5-C6 level as a represen...

Developmental stenosis without any significant spondylotic changes frequently occurs at C3 vertebra or below, and typically extends to C6-C7. However, high cervical focal canal stenosis is unusual. A case of cervical canal segmental stenosis at C2-3 level in addition to a developmental stenosis of the lumbar region, in a 45 year old male, has been presented in this article. The dynamics of the ...

BACKGROUND CONTEXT Posterior cervical foraminotomy allows decompression of the nerve root with preservation of motion. A previously described endoscopic technique utilizes minimally invasive muscle splitting with routine outpatient discharge. PURPOSE The approach allows a modified tubular retraction system to be used with three-dimensional visualization and anterior/posterior fluoroscopic ima...

OBJECTIVE Box-shape cervical expansive laminoplasty is a procedure that utilizes a Miniplate® or Maxpacer® to achieve maximal canal expansion. This method is expected to show much larger canal expansion and good clinical outcome. So we investigated the clinical and radiological outcome of Box-shape cervical expansive laminoplasty. METHODS Between June 2008 and July 2013, we performed cervical...

The upper cervical canal stenosis is relatively rare compared to other cervical regions. We report a rare case of upper cervical canal stenosis caused by osteoma of C1 lamina related to dynamic factor of cervical rotation. A 43-year-old woman had a 2-year history of numbness and pain in the right hand. Because of aggravation of the numbness and loss of the fine movement and strength in the righ...