Cellulose is the most abundant biopolymer in the world, the main load-bearing element in plant cell walls, and represents a major sink for carbon fixed during photosynthesis. Previous work has shown that photosynthetic activity is partially regulated by carbohydrate sinks. However, the coordination of cellulose biosynthesis with carbohydrate metabolism and photosynthesis is not well understood....

Carbon metabolism in anaerobic cellulolytic bacteria has been investigated essentially in Clostridium thermocellum, Clostridium cellulolyticum, Fibrobacter succinogenes, Ruminococcus flavefaciens, and Ruminococcus albus. While cellulose depolymerization into soluble sugars by various cellulases is undoubtedly the first step in bacterial metabolisation of cellulose, it is not the only one to con...

Root hairs are tubular extensions of the epidermis. Root hairs of the monogenic recessive maize mutant roothairless 6 (rth6) are arrested after bulge formation during the transition to tip growth and display a rough cell surface. BSR-Seq in combination with Seq-walking and subsequent analyses of four independently generated mutant alleles established that rth6 encodes CSLD5 a plasma membrane lo...

As the main component of lignocelluloses, cellulose is a biopolymer consisting of many glucose units connected through β-1,4-glycosidic bonds. Breakage of the β-1,4-glycosidic bonds by acids leads to the hydrolysis of cellulose polymers, resulting in the sugar molecule glucose or oligosaccharides. Mineral acids, such as HCl and H2SO4, have been used in the hydrolysis of cellulose. However, they...

This study focuses on the extraction of nanocrystalline cellulose ( NCC) from the dried stalk of Corchorus olitorius, commonly known as jute, using a combination of a microwave-assisted alkaline peroxide pulping process (AHP) and ultrasonication. Dried jute stalk powder was pretreated using sodium hydroxide under microwave irradiation for the removal of lignin. The partially delignified sample ...

The deconstruction of cellulose is an essential step in the production of ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass. However, the presence of lignin hinders this process. Recently, a novel cosolvent based biomass pretreatment method called CELF (Cosolvent Enhanced Lignocellulosic Fractionation) which employs tetrahydrofuran (THF) in a single phase mixture with water, was found to be highly effective...

In the present study, a biopolymer (cellulose, rice starch or zein protein) was dissolved in the ionic liquid (1-butyl-3methylimidazolium chloride) and co-solvent (dimethyl sulfoxide) mixture (1:1 weight ratio), and then blended with the agar solution, followed by gelation at low temperature. The blends were soaked and shaken in 250 mL distilled water, washed and freeze-dried. The agar/biopolym...

Complex hierarchical architectures are ubiquitous in nature. By designing and controlling the interaction between elementary building blocks, nature is able to optimize a large variety of materials with multiple functionalities. Such control is, however, extremely challenging in man-made materials, due to the difficulties in controlling their interaction at different length scales simultaneousl...

Cellulose being an excellent biopolymer has cemented its place firmly in many industries as a coating material, textile, composites, and biomaterial applications. In the present study, we have investigated the effect of biofield treatment on physicochemical properties of cellulose and cellulose acetate. The cellulose and cellulose acetate were exposed to biofield and further the chemical and th...

Previous studies have explored the potential of pomace valorization, with an emphasis on transformation polysaccharide biopolymers pomace-cellulose and hemicellulose to produce high-value bioproducts such as microcrystalline cellulose. Notably, opportunities for exploration biopolymer pomace-lignin its employment in biomedical applications tissue engineering not been comprehensively explored. T...