We examined 100 clinically significant isolates of Serratia marcescens for susceptibility to newer cephalosporin and cephamycin antibiotics, alone and in combination with various aminoglycosides. Moxalactam and cefotaxime were the most effective agents; all isolates were inhibited by 25 and 50 ,ug/ml, respectively. All strains were susceptible to amikacin at concentrations safely achievable in ...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the antibiotic susceptibilities of Propionibacterium acnes isolates from central nervous system (CNS) infections to agents used in current treatment regimens. METHODS MICs of 16 reference antibiotics were determined by an agar dilution method for 24 consecutive strains of P. acnes isolated from individual patients with intracranial empyema or brain abscess. Bactericidal...

Two hundred and thirty-nine penicillinase-positive and 240 penicillinase-negative strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae were tested for their susceptibility to cefotaxime. All were susceptible to cefotaxime at a concentration of 0.062 micrograms/ml. Penicillinase-negative strains were less susceptible than penicillinase-positive strains. This is attributed to the use of prophylactic antibiotics by p...

Cefotaxime and its desacetoxymethyl derivative, ceftizoxime (previously known as FK749), are both extremely active against a wide spectrum of bacteria. In the present comparative study, the activity of ceftizoxime exceeded that of cefotaxime by a factor of four or more for strains of Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Providencia, Serratia, and Bacteroides; the only species for which the activity of cef...

polarographic methods have been developed for the determination of two cephalosporins namely cefotaxime (ctx) and ceftriaxone (ctr) in pharmaceutical formulations. well defined peaks at potentials –1.432 v vs. sce for ctx and –1.627 v vs. sce for ctr were obtained in the presence of tungsten (vi). the method has been successfully applied for the determination of above mentioned cephalosporins i...

Using a clinical pneumococcal strain for which MICs were 2, 0.5, 0.5, and 16 mg/liter for penicillin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, and fosfomycin, respectively, we studied the efficacies of these antibiotics alone and in combination in one or two doses or in continuous infusion over 6 h in the treatment of the prolonged (48-h) experimental fibrin clot infections in rabbits. Doses were chosen to obt...

Cefotaxime is a new cephalosporin with a spectrum of activity which may make it appropriate for use in pediatric patients. In 33 infants and children, administration of cefotaxime resulted in cure or improvement in 97% of patients, with eradication of 94% of isolated pathogens. Toxicity was minimal. The disposition of cefotaxime in this age group was similar to that reported for adults, with an...

The activities of aztreonam and cefotaxime against one Escherichia coli strain and three Bacteroides strains have been studied by using pure and mixed cultures of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. A fixed concentration (8 micrograms/ml) of cefotaxime or aztreonam killed E. coli that was exposed in pure culture, but the pressure of Bacteroides spp. in the same system deteriorated cefotaxime, allow...

We report that alteration in MurM, an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of branched-stem cell wall muropeptides, is required for maximal expression of penicillin and cefotaxime resistance in the pneumococcus. Hungarian isolate 3191 (penicillin MIC, 16 microg/ml; cefotaxime MIC, 4 microg/ml) was a source of donor DNA in transformation experiments. Penicillin-binding protein DNA was insufficien...

Ninety infants and children were prospectively randomized to receive cefepime (n = 43) or cefotaxime (n = 47) for therapy of bacterial meningitis. The two treatment groups were comparable in terms of age, duration of illness before enrollment, history of seizures, clinical status on admission, and etiology. Six (7%) patients died--two treated with cefepime and four treated with cefotaxime. Clin...