The potato blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans secretes effector proteins that are delivered inside (cytoplasmic) or can act outside (apoplastic) plant cells to neutralize host immunity. Little is known about how and where effectors are secreted during infection, yet such knowledge is essential to understand and combat crop disease. We used transient Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated in pla...

late blight, caused by phytophthora infestans, is one of the most important diseases of potato in the world and iran, especially in golestan province. 16 models have introduced for forecasting the disease in the world, sofar. in order to developing a forecasting model, wether and disease occurrence data during the recent 10 years were used.then, 22 variables were built using daily temperature, ...

Effectiveness of Awar-Awar (Ficus septica Burm F) Leaf Extract to Inhibit the Growth Fungus Phytophthora infestans that Causes Tomato Late Blight. late blight caused by fungus is one main diseases affecting tomato production in world. Therefore, it needs be controlled an environmentally friendly way, which using vegetable pesticides. Awar-awar leaves are plants whose extracts can used as fungic...

More than 300 isolates of the Irish potato famine fungus, Phytophthora infestans, collected in 20 countries on five continents, were analyzed for genetic variation at the mating type and two allozyme loci. A subset of more than 200 isolates was also analyzed for DNA "fingerprint" variation. A surprising result was that a single clonal lineage dominated most populations worldwide. All of the var...

Phytophthora infestans is a destructive plant pathogen best known for causing the disease that triggered the Irish potato famine and remains the most costly potato pathogen to manage worldwide. Identification of P. infestan's elusive center of origin is critical to understanding the mechanisms of repeated global emergence of this pathogen. There are two competing theories, placing the origin in...

APCR and monozoospore plating was used to demonstrate a simultaneous presence of the mitochondria with mitochondrial DNA of haplotypes ILa and IIa in the mycelium of several Phytophthora infestans strains.

Elicitins are a family of structurally related proteins that induce hypersensitive response in specific plant species. Two Phytophthora infestans cDNAs, inf2A and inf2B, potentially encoding novel elicitin-like proteins, were isolated from a cDNA library made from infected potato tissue. Multiple sequence alignments and phylogenetic analyses of 19 elicitins and elicitin-like proteins from nine ...

Oomycetes have long been considered as a separate class within the kingdom Fungi, but they are in fact closer to brown algae. They are currently classified in the Stramenopile eukaryotic kingdom, which includes heterokont algae and water molds. The major cell wall polysaccharides in Oomycetes are β-(1 3) and β-(1 6)-glucans, as well as cellulose, which has never been reported in any fungal spec...

Migrations or introduction of new genotypes of Phytophthora infestans to a specific region imposes a different perspective for potato production. During 2009–2010, a late blight epidemic affected the Northeastern United States, which quickly spread through several states. The epidemic was characterized by the appearance of a new genotype of P. infestans designated US-22, which was isolated from...