Cationic amino acid transporters (CAT) are important regulators of NOS2 and ARG1 activity because they regulate L-arginine availability. However, their role in the development of Th1/Th2 effector functions following infection has not been investigated. Here we dissect the function of CAT2 by studying two infectious disease models characterized by the development of polarized Th1 or Th2-type res...

Once acquired, Helicobacter pylori infection is lifelong due to an inadequate innate and adaptive immune response. Our previous studies indicate that interactions among the various pathways of arginine metabolism in the host are critical determinants of outcomes following infection. Cationic amino acid transporter 2 (CAT2) is essential for transport of L-arginine (L-Arg) into monocytic immune c...

The yeast plasma membrane protein Agp2 belongs to the family of amino acid transporters. It acts as a regulator that controls the expression of several uptake transporter genes such as DUR3 and SAM3 encoding two high-affinity polyamine permeases. agp2Δ mutants display extreme resistance to several cationic compounds including polyamines, the anticancer agent bleomycin, and cationic antifungal p...

A total of 320 one-day-old Cobb 500 chicks with an initial weight 48.3 ± 3.3 g·pen −1 were assigned to four dietary treatments eight replicates provided in three phases for 46 d. The fed as mash diets and included (1) negative control (NC) corn-soybean basal diet, (2) positive (PC) diet 30 ppm avilamycin, (3) supplemented 1000 red-osier dogwood extracts (RDE1), (4) 3000 (RDE2). Results showed r...

Neuropathic pain is a complication of inflammation, infection or some diseases such as diabetes. Opioids are used as a salvage therapy for neuropathic pain but tolerance restricts their use. In our previous study we have observed an increase of Nitric Oxide in diabetes and in morphine tolerance. This study was performed to clarify the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase, iNOS, and cationic ...

Neuropathic pain is a complication of inflammation, infection or some diseases such as diabetes. Opioids are used as a salvage therapy for neuropathic pain but tolerance restricts their use. In our previous study we have observed an increase of Nitric Oxide in diabetes and in morphine tolerance. This study was performed to clarify the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase, iNOS, and cationic ...

Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) is a neglected parasitic disease that continues to persist in sub-Saharan Africa. It fatal if untreated. The first stage of the associated with presence parasite periphery and second parasites CNS. treatment CNS HAT requires drugs cross blood-brain barrier (BBB). Eflornithine an amino acid analogue used treat gambiense both alone combination nifurtimox. Recen...

........................................................................................................... 1 Abbreviations ................................................................................................... 3 Chapter 1 General introduction ........................................................................ 3 1. The importance of branched chain amino acids ....................

Polymyxins are cationic lipopeptide antibiotics active against many species of Gram-negative bacteria. We sequenced the gene cluster for polymyxin biosynthesis from Paenibacillus polymyxa PKB1. The 40.8 kb gene cluster comprises three nonribosomal peptide synthetase-encoding genes and two ABC transporter-like genes. Disruption of a peptide synthetase gene abolished all antibiotic production, wh...

The long-term objective of this grant is to identify the membrane transporters underlying the cystine-depleting effect of cysteamine as this would provide a rationale to improve its efficiency or discover more efficient, better tolerated drugs. According to the current model of cysteamine therapy, cystine depletion is mediated by an unknown cationic amino acid transporter, which exports a mixed...