A 61-year-old man was admitted for treatment of alcohol-related chronic pancreatitis with recurrent acute exacerbations. Computed tomography (CT) scanning showed a large cluster of stones in the main pancreatic duct of the head of the pancreas and upstream duct dilatation (▶Fig. 1). We used endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and pancreatoscopy with electrohydraulic lithotrips...

Liver transplantation is a technically complex and long surgical procedure. A large quantity of various materials such as catheters, sutures, needles and clips are frequently used during the procedure. These materials may enter in the liver from the vascular or biliary orifices inadvertently. A 50-year-old patient who had hepatic failure due to HBV underwent a deceased-donor liver transplantati...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of acid and pepsin on the healing of traumatized vocal folds in a simulated reflux model. Gastroesophageal reflux is related to various laryngeal manifestations. However, there is a lack of established reflux animal models that would ensure longer observation periods. DESIGN A prospective randomized animal study. INTERVENTIONS Forty-two rabbits underwent a ...

OBJECT This study was conducted to determine the best position for the subdural drainage catheter to achieve a low recurrence rate after burr-hole irrigation and closed-system drainage of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH). METHODS The authors studied 63 patients with CSDH in whom the drainage catheter tip was randomly placed and precisely determined on postoperative computerized tomography (CT...

BACKGROUND Irrigation or washouts of the bladder are usually performed in various clinical settings. In the 1980s Elliot and colleagues argued that urothelial damage could occur after washouts and irrigations of the bladder. The exact mechanism underlying urothelial damage has not yet been discovered. To our knowledge, this is the first report of fatal fluid overload and pulmonary edema, due to...

A feared complication of ventricular access for drainage or shunting is ventriculitis. Early diagnosis and treatment is vital to prevent morbidity and mortality. Efficacy of directed antibiotic therapy in ventriculitis is limited by increasing multidrug resistant microorganisms and insufficient systemic antibiotic absorption into the cerebrospinal fluid. Treatment may involve intravenous and/or...

Introduction. Urinary stone is a common cause of urinary tract disease. Stone excretion using ureteroscope is effective in inferior ureter. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aminophylline on ureteral spasm during ureteroscopy in acute phase of renal colic. Methods. In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 120 patients with ureteral stones were enrolled and randomize...

BACKGROUND Irrigation and instrumentation during ureterorenoscopic procedures may cause increased pressure in the renal pelvis (PP) with potential harmful adverse effects. In order to assess the pressure increases during ureterorenoscopy, we measured the intraluminal renal pelvic pressure during retrograde intrarenal stone surgery (RIRS). METHODS Twelve patients admitted for RIRS were include...