Fundamental to amassing a lexicon of relational terms (i.e., verbs, prepositions) is the ability to abstract and categorize spatial relations such as a figure (e.g., boy) moving along a path (e.g., around the barn). Three studies examine how infants learn to categorize path over changes in manner, or how an action is performed (e.g., running vs. crawling). Experiment 1 (n = 60) finds that 10- t...

This study investigates the acquisition of integrated object manipulation and categorization abilities through a series of experiments in which human adults and artificial agents were asked to learn to manipulate two-dimensional objects that varied in shape, color, weight, and color intensity. The analysis of the obtained results and the comparison of the behavior displayed by human and artific...

Three experiments, using the high-amplitude sucking procedure. tested whether 4-day-old infants discriminate multisyllabic utterances on the basis of number of syllables or number of phonemes. Experiment 1 showed that infants discriminate 2 large sets of phonetically variable utterances composed of 2vs. 3-CY (consonant-vowel) syllables. Experiment 2 was run to assess whether infants discriminat...

The increasing interconnectedness and complexity of production processes raise the susceptibility of production systems to failure. Therefore, the ability to respond quickly to failures is increasingly becoming a competitive factor. The research project "Sustainable failure management in manufacturing SMEs" is developing a methodology to identify failures in the production and select preventive...

Converging evidence from anatomical studies (Maunsell, 1983) and functional analyses (Hubel & Wisesel, 1968) of the nervous system suggests that the feed-forward pathway of the mammalian perceptual system follows a largely hierarchic organization scheme. This may be because hierarchic structures are intrinsically more viable and thus more likely to evolve (Simon, 2002). But it may also be becau...

We evaluate the relative contributions of two mechanisms of category learning: 1) abstraction across examples of the same category and; 2) differentiation between examples of different categories. A novel "triples" paradigm is introduced in which each classification target is presented with two different context items. Learners are informed of the structure of the triples so they may take advan...

Categorize Emails According to Senders Liwei Wang, Li Du s Abstract People nowadays are overwhelmed by tons of coming emails everyday at work or in their daily life. The large quantities of emails keep causing confusions. Not only spam emails are considered to be ‘junk’, but also unwanted emails (e.g. advertisements) cause people to waste time on reading them. Therefore, it becomes urgent to de...

1Outpatient clinic for Memory and Behavior Disorders (ADEMEC), Instituto de Neurologia de Curitiba (INC), Curitiba PR, Brazil; 2ADEMEC, INC, Curitiba PR, Brazil; 3INC, Curitiba PR, Brazil; 4Center of Computed Tomography (CETAC), INC, Curitiba PR, Brazil. Correspondece: Ricardo Krause Martinez de Souza; Instituto de Neurologia de Curitiba; Rua Jeremias Maciel Perretto 300; 81210-310 Curitiba PR ...