Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has numerous desirable properties for fabricating microfluidic devices, including optical transparency, flexibility, biocompatibility, and fabrication by casting; however, partitioning of small hydrophobic molecules into the bulk of PDMS hinders industrial acceptance of PDMS microfluidic devices for chemical processing and drug development applications. Here we descr...

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In the framework of structural optimization via a level-set method, we develop an approach to handle the directional molding constraint for cast parts. A novel molding condition is formulated and a penalization method is used to enforce the constraint. A first advantage of our new approach is that it does not require to start from a feasible initialization, but it guarantees the convergence to ...

The standard predator-prey model is generalized beyond the Volterra linear-log form. Conservative oscillations are deduced and also conversion to a variational Hamiltonian form. Generalization to more than two species is also castable into Hamiltonian form, with small vibrations around equilibrium being of undamped sinusoidal type by virtue of associated characteristic exponents all being pure ...